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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    La fonction de la muqueuse après une occlusion aiguë de l'intestin grêle du rat (1973)
    Springer
    Research in experimental medicine 160 (1973), S. 321-325 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-8580
    Keywords: Intestinal occlusion ; Intestinal transport ; Occlusion intestinale ; Transport intestinal
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Une occlusion mécanique de l'intestin grêle du rat a été produite 40 cm au-dessus de la valve iléo-caecale. Les animaux ont été sacrifiés le premier, deuxième et troisième jour post-opératoire, et l'état des anses intestinales a été comparé avec celui des anses témoins prélevées chez des rats non-traités. Comme paramètre de la fonction intestinale, nous avons mesuré l'absorption de phénylalanine par le tissu in vitro. Les résultats ont montré que la capacité absorptive de l'acide aminé, surtout en amont de l'occlusion, est abaissée par rapport aux anses témoins, et ceci déjà à partir du premier jour et progressivement jusqu'au troisième jour post-opératoire. En aval de l'occlusion la diminution de l'absorption est moins accentuée. Histologiquement, on observe une déformation des villosités au-dessus de l'occlusion, mais le recouvrement épithélial reste intact.
    Notes: Summary The rat intestine was mechanically obstructed 40 cm above the ileo-cæcal valve. The animals were sacrificed on the first, second and third postoperative day and the state of their intestines was compared with that of control loops taken from sham-operated rats. Intestinal function was determined by measuring the absorption of phenylalanine during incubation of intestinal ringsin vitro. The absorptive capacity was reduced, particularly above the occlusion, the decrease being progressive from the first to the third day. Below the occlusion the reduction was slighter. Histologically, deformation of the villi above the occlusion is observed, but the epithelial layer remains intact.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01851472
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The consequences of ischaemia after mechanical obstruction of the dog ileum (1976)
    Springer
    Research in experimental medicine 168 (1976), S. 45-55 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-8580
    Keywords: Intestinal occlusion ; Intestinal Ischaemia ; Mucosal regeneration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A mechanical obstruction was produced in the dog ileum, and four days later, loops of intestine above and below the occlusion were subjected to one hour's ischaemia. This led to widespread morphological and functional damage of the epithelium, indistinguishable from the response of the normal intestine. The recovery of the mucosa of both loops after the ischaemia followed exactly the same pattern as when there was no occlusion superimposed: The transport capacity for phenylalanine in vitro was entirely restored, whereas that of β-methyl-glucoside, together with oxygen consumption and lactate production, remained depressed; morphometric examination revealed that the recuperating mucosa had smaller villi, shorter crypts and smaller epithelial cells than the contiguous untouched tissue. These results suggest that the regenerative potential of the crypts could not be obliterated by one hour's ischaemia, either in the presence of a noxious obstruction fluid above the occlusion, or in the atrophic mucosa below it.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01851732
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Induction of alkaline phosphatase in choriocarcinoma cells by 1-β-D-arabinofuranosyl-cytosine, mitomycin C, phleomycin, and cyclic nucleotides (1977)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 92 (1977), S. 221-231 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Alkaline phosphatase is induced in cultured human choriocarcinoma cells by three inhibitors of DNA synthesis which alter DNA structure: 1-β-D-arabinofuranosyl-cytosine, mitomycin C, and phleomycin. No induction is observed with the inhibitors, hydroxyurea and thymidine, which do not alter DNA structure. Cyclic AMP, analogs of cyclic nucleotides, and sodium butyrate also induce alkaline phosphatase in these cells. Among the cyclic nucleotides tested, dibutyryl cyclic AMP is the best inducer, whereas dibutyryl cyclic GMP is a poor inducer.Induction of alkaline phosphatase by inhibitors of DNA synthesis or by exposure to dibutyryl cyclic AMP appears to utilize different mechanisms. Maximum induction is observed after simultaneous addition of both types of inducers at the concentrations found to be optimal for each inducer alone. Under these conditions, the induced activity is equal to or greater than the sum of the activities induced by each inducer. RNA synthesis and protein synthesis are required for induction.Dibutyryl cyclic AMP added to cultures of choriocarcinoma cells is not degraded in the culture medium, but is extensively degraded in the cells. Nevertheless, significant amounts of dibutyryl and monobutyryl cyclic AMP are found intracellularly throughout the experiment. Since the cellular uptake of dibutyryl cyclic AMP is extremely slow, the amount of butyrate released by intracellular degradation cannot account for the observed induction. Neither the rate of uptake nor the stability of dibutyryl cyclic AMP are changed by the addition of 1-β-D-arabinofuranosyl-cytosine to the culture medium. Furthermore, 1-β-D-arabinofuranosyl-cytosine inhibits the induction by sodium butyrate. The results indicate that butyrate is not the major mediator of induction by dibutyryl cyclic AMP.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040920210
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative aspects of oxidative metabolism of neutrophils from human blood and guinea pig peritonea: Magnitude of the respiratory burst, dependence upon stimulating agents, and localization of the oxidases (1980)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 105 (1980), S. 541-551 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: We have compared the subcellular sites of H2O2 and presumably also superoxide-(O2-) production, and certain aspects of metabolic responses (O2 consumption, O2- production) of stimulated neutrophils from human blood and those elicited into guinea pig peritonea. Stimulation was accomplished with either opsonized zymosan or phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA). Striking quantitative differences were observed between these cell types with regard to the increased respiration and O2- production observed during stimulation. These differences were most apparent when opsonized zymosan served as the stimulating agent. They were minimized when the soluble stimulating agent, PMA, was used. With either stimulus, the subcellular sites of H2O2 production were the same for both types of neutrophils, i.e., the plasmalemma and phagosomal membranes. No H2O2 production could be detected cytochemically in the absence of stimulation.Treatment of both unstimulated human blood and elicited guinea pig peritoneal neutrophils with the nonpenetrating, covalently linking reagent, p-diazobenzenesulfonic acid, failed to diminish O2- production upon subsequent stimulation, in contrast to a previous report. These data are discussed in terms of the possible cytological arrangements of the respiratory enzyme(s), and the different modes of stimulation of neutrophil metabolism by various agents. Ancillary data on elicited mouse peritoneal neutrophils are presented.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041050319
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative biochemical and cytochemical studies on superoxide and peroxide in mouse macrophages (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 115 (1983), S. 208-216 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Maximal rates of superoxide (O-2) release, and the cytochemical locales of peroxide staining in resident, elicited, and activated macrophages have been determined. Macrophages elicited into the peritoneum with either casein (1.2% w/v) or proteose-peptone (10.0% w/v) release about twice as much O-2 as macrophages activated by infection of the animals with either Listeria monocytogenes, or Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) followed by immune boosting with Purified Protein Derivative (PPD) (i.e., about 35 vs. 14-18 nmol O-2/min/107 cells). Macrophages elicited with thioglycollate (3.0% w/v) and resident macrophages produce negligible amounts of O-2 upon stimulation with PMA. These data are compared with those reported by other investigators who used different procedures. A cytochemical procedure for localizing peroxide has been modified for use with murine macrophages. No production of H2O2 by macrophages is detected cytochemically in the absence of stimulation. Upon exposure to PMA, resident macrophages are still largely unresponsive. Approximately 20% of the casein elicited macrophages and BCG-PPD activated macrophages exhibit H2O2 staining, which is largely restricted to the cytoplasmic vesicles and channels induced by PMA in these cells. The only exception to this staining pattern is a small population (about 2%) of activated macrophages which exhibits H2O2 staining in the cytoplasmic vesicles and channels and on the plasmalemma as well.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041150216
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructure and cytochemical staining characteristics of canine natural killer cells (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 243 (1995), S. 509-515 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: NK cell ; Dog ; Ultrastructure ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: The purpose of this work was to describe the ultrastructure and cytochemical staining characteristics of canine peripheral blood lymphocytes with natural killer (NK) cell activity, with comparison made to non-NK lymphocytes.Methods: Canine lymphocyte populations evaluated for ultrastructure, cytochemical staining, and NK function (by 51 chromium release assay) included: peripheral blood lymphocytes; lymphocytes from band 1 (NK-enriched), band 2, and the pellet of a 45/50% percoll gradient; lymphocytes from the supernatant fluid (non-conjugated lymphocytes) and pellet (lymphocytes conjugated to tumor cell targets) of a 17% percoll gradient; and null (CD4-CD8-) and CD4-CD8+ lymphocytes.Results: NK activity was concentrated in band 1 lymphocytes of the 45/50% percoll gradient with further enhancement of activity occurring in sorted null cells. Canine NK cells were 5.5 to 6.5 μm in diameter with a reniform (kidney bean shape) nucleus, and electron-dense cytoplasmic granules. NK cells (percoll band 1 cells and null cells) had larger cell and nuclear area, and less round nuclei when compared to non-NK lymphocytes. The overall cytochemical staining (chloracetate esterase, peroxidase, sudan black B, naphthyl acetate esterase, naphthyl butyrate esterase periodic acid-Schiff stain, and acid phosphatase with and without tartrate) pattern was similar in all the lymphocyte populations evaluated.Conclusions: This work confirms the usefulness of a 45/50% percoll gradient in obtaining a NK-enriched fraction of canine lymphocytes, and shows further enhancement of NK activity in sorted CD4-CD8- cells. The ultrastructure of canine NK cells is similar to that reported for human NK cells, but is different from that of other canine peripheral blood lymphocytes. Standard cytochemical staining does not discriminate canine NK cells from other lymphocytes. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1092430413
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bone changes due to lathyrism in rats (1934)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 59 (1934), S. 283-295 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1090590303
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thin-layer liquid crystal thermometry of cells in vitro during hyperthermal microwave irradiation (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Bioelectromagnetics 3 (1982), S. 237-245 
    Details
    ISSN: 0197-8462
    Keywords: liquid crystal thermometry ; microwave heating ; cells ; hyperthermia ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Occupational Health and Environmental Toxicology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: A nonperturbing technique of thin-layer liquid crystal thermometry was developed to quantitate heating of Chinese hamster ovary cells and the bacterium Serratia marcescens when exposed to 2450-MHz microwave fields at 0.2-0.5 W/cm2. Cells suspended in culture medium were injected into 5-cm glass microcapillary tubes coated on the inside with a thin layer of liquid crystal. The tubes were sealed and placed parallel to the electric field in a watertight waveguide exposure chamber where they were heated by circulating temperature-controlled water. Even at high circulation rates, liquid crystal color changes indicated local microwave capillary tube heating of 0.1-0.25 °C. Precision of measurement was 0.02 °C. Observations during microwave heating were significantly different from observations without microwaves at the 1% level, and heating increased as circulating water flow was reduced from 300 ml/s to 100 ml/s. The results of a cell survival assay following hyperthermal treatment were in good agreement with expectations based on the observations of microwave heating using liquid crystals.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bem.2250030208
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