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  • Physics  (3)
  • Intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT)  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of an irradiation method of intraoperative radiation therapy for curatively resected rectal cancer (1999)
    Springer
    International journal of clinical oncology 4 (1999), S. 210-214 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-7772
    Keywords: Key words Local recurrence ; Rectal cancer ; Intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background. Intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT) has been performed to prevent local recurrence of rectal cancer only when positive margins are suspected. To further reduce local recurrence, we attempted to develop a new IORT irradiation method in which electron beam irradiation is administered as uniformly as possible to the intrapelvic dissection surfaces. Methods. Low anterior resection and abdominoperineal resection were performed in one male and one female cadaver. Electron beam irradiation was administered by four different methods, and absorbed doses were measured at 15 sites within the pelvis. We also attempted to measure absorbed doses at nine sites within the pelvis in 14 patients treated with IORT. Results. The cadaver study revealed low absorbed doses in the lateral walls of the pelvis when a single irradiation was delivered from the anterior. When the lateral walls of the pelvis were irradiated twice, once each time on the right and left, the absorbed doses were low in the central pelvis and presacrum. Relatively high absorbed doses were achieved in all of these areas by a technique that combined these two methods. Adequate absorbed doses were not achieved by a single irradiation administered from the perineum. Conclusion. This study suggests that electron beam irradiation administered three times to the dissected surfaces in the pelvis after resection of rectal cancer (i.e., to the central pelvis and presacrum from the anterior, and to the left and right lateral walls of the pelvis) is the most suitable method for achieving adequate absorbed doses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s101470050055
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radical-initiated homo- and copolymerization of cyanomethyl methacrylate (1983)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 21 (1983), S. 2997-3008 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The kinetics of cyanomethyl methacrylate (CyMA) homopolymerization was investigated in acetonitrile with azobisisobutyronitrile as initiator. The rate of polymerization Rp was expressed by Rp = k[AIBN]0.49[CyMA]1.2 and the overall activation energy was calculated as 72.3 kJ/mol. Kinetic constants for CyMA polymerization were obtained as follows: kp/k1/2t = 0.10 L1/2s-1/2; 2fkd = 1.57 × 10-5s-. The relative reactivity ratios of CyMA(M2) copolymerization with styrene (r1 = 0.15, r2 = 0.29) and methyl methacrylate (r1 = 0.43, r2 = 0.75) in acetonitrile were obtained. Applying the Q-e scheme (in styrene copolymerization) led to Q = 1.64 and e = 0.98. The glass transition temperature Tg of poly(CyMA) was observed to be 91°C by thermomechanical analysis. Thermogravimetry of poly(CyMA) showed a 10% weight loss at 265°C in air.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1983.170211015
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radical-initiated homo- and copolymerization of methoxymethyl methacrylate (1984)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 22 (1984), S. 2305-2316 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The kinetics of methoxymethyl methacrylate (MOMA) homopolymerization has been investigated in benzene, using azobis(isobutyronitrile) as an initiator. The rate of polymerization (Rp) could be expressed by Rp = k[AIBN]0.5 [MOMA]1.19. The overall activation energy was calculated to be 73.2 kJ/mol. Kinetic constants for MOMA polymerization were obtained as follows: kp/kt1/2 = 0.091 L1/2 · mol-1/2 · s-1/2; 2fkd = 1.37 × 10-5 s-1. The values of K and a in the Mark-Houwink equation, [η] = KMa, where K = 5.89 × 10-5 and a = 0.82 when M = Mn and the solvent was benzene. The relative reactivity ratios of MOMA (M2) copolymerizations with styrene (r1 = 0.40, r2 = 0.58) were obtained. Applying the Q-e scheme led to Q = 0.78 and e = 0.67. The glass transition temperature (Tg) of poly(MOMA) was observed to be 64°C by DSC. Thermogravimetry of poly(MOMA) showed a 10% weight loss at 230°C in air.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1984.170221002
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymerization of α-methylene-N-methylpyrrolidone (1983)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 21 (1983), S. 1139-1149 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: α-Methylene-N-methylpyrrolidone (α-MMP) was synthesized and homopolymerized by bulk and solution methods. The poly(α-MMP) is readily soluble in water, methanol, methylene chloride, and dipolar aprotic solvents at room temperature. Thermogravimetric analysis of poly(α-MMP) showed a 10% weight loss at 330°C in air. The kinetics of α-MMP homopolymerization and copolymerization were investigated in acetonitrile, using azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as an initiator. The rate of polymerization Rp could be expresed by Rp = k[AIBN]0.49[α-MMP]1.3. The overall activation energy was calculated to be 84.1 kj/mol. The relative reactivity ratios of α-MMP (M2) copolymerization with methyl methacrylate (r1 = 0.59, r2 = 0.26) in acetonitrile were obtained. Applying the Q-e scheme led to Q = 2.18 and e = 1.77. These Q and e values are larger than those for acrylamide derivatives.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1983.170210420
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