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  • 1
    ISSN: 1439-099X
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter: Endometriumkarzinom ; Strahlentherapie ; HDR-Afterloading ; Key Words: Endometrial cancer ; Adjuvant radiotherapy ; Brachytherapy ; High-dose-rate afterloading
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Purpose: This retrospective study was designed to evaluate the role of adjuvant radiotherapy for surgically treated endometrial carcinoma. Patients and Methods: From 1980 through 1988, 541 patients were treated with either intravaginal cuff irradiation with a high-dose-rate (HDR) Iridium-192 remote afterloading technique (n = 294) or with combined HDR-brachytherapy and additional external pelvic irradiation to 54 Gy (n = 247) after surgery for endometrial cancer. Afterloading irradiation was administered in 4 fractions 4 to 6 weeks after surgery. A dose of 30 Gy was delivered at a depth of 0,5 cm from the vaginal mucosa. Results: Patients with HDR-brachytherapy alone showed a 5-year survival of 94.3% for Stage I and 73.6% for Stage II (p = 0.0007). Patients who received both brachytherapy and additional external pelvic irradiation had a 5-year survival of 94.1% for Stage I, 81.1% for Stage II, 70.4% for Stage III and 46.9% for Stage IV (p = 0.0001). The main predictors for survival in a multivariate analysis were stage and grading. Patients with combined radiotherapy had a local recurrence rate of 3.2%, whereas patients with brachytherapy alone who were better selected and had more favorable prognostic factors showed a recurrence rate of 2%. Low-risk patients (Stage I, Grade 1, low infiltration) in the HDR-brachytherapy group had 6 relapses, mainly caused by insufficient treatment on the basis of papillary histology. High-risk patients with poorly differentiated tumors, which infiltrate more than half the myometrial wall might benefit from additional external radiotherapy in terms of reduction of local recurrence and better survival. Fife-year actuarial survival rate was 93.6% after combined radiotherapy vs 86.7% after brachytherapy alone. Complications were graded according to the RTOG scoring system. Severe late complications were fistulas of bladder and/or bowel, which orrurred in 2.8% in the comnbined radiotherapy group, and 0.7% in the HDR brachytherapy group. Conclusions: Low-risk patients should be generally treated postoperative with HDR-brachytherapy alone. Combined radiotherapy decreased pelvic relapses for high-risk patients with overall low complication rates. We conclude that an individually adjusted postoperative radiotherapy allows a well tolerated treatment with excellent results.
    Notes: Ziel: Im Rahmen der Diskussion um die Wertigkeit der postoperativen Strahlentherapie bei Patientinnen mit einem Endometriumkarzinom haben wir das Patientengut der Klinik und Poliklinik für Strahlentherapie der Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg analysiert. Patienten und Methode: In diese retrospektive Analyse wurden die Daten von 541 zwischen 1980 und 1988 postoperativ bestrahlten Patientinnen aufgenommen. Die Auswertung der Daten erfolgte getrennt nach Therapiemodi, entweder einer alleinigen intravaginalen Strahlentherapie (HDR-AL) mit Iridium-192 oder aber einer Kombination von HDR-AL und zusätzlicher perkutaner Bestrahlung. Ergebnisse: Im Stadium I betrug die Fünf-Jahres-Überlebensrate nach HDR-AL 94,3%, im Stadium II 73,6% (p=0,0007). Ebenfalls signifikant war die Abhängigkeit der Fünf-Jahres-Überlebensrate vom Grading: Sie betrug 94,1% bei G1-, 91,9% bei G2- und 78,9% bei G3-Formen (p=0,0007). Nach kombinierter Strahlentherapie betrug die Fünf-Jahres-Überlebensrate im Stadium I 91,8%, Stadium II 81,1%, Stadium III 70,4% sowie im Stadium IV 46,9% (p=0,0001). Durch eine multivariate Analyse der Daten wurde die Abhängigkeit der Überlebensraten vom Stadium und Differenzierungsgrad gefunden. Lokalrezidive traten bei 2% der Patientinnen nach HDR-AL und bei 3,2% nach kombinierter Strahlentherapie auf. Ein wichtiger Einflußfaktor auf das Auftreten von lokoregionären Rezidiven war die Infiltrationstiefe. Low-risk-Patientinnen, die zusätzlich perkutan bestrahlt worden waren, hatten mit 93,3% eine ebenso gute Überlebenswahrscheinlichkeit wie Patientinnen mit alleinigem HDR-A: (94,8%), wobei in dieser Gruppe sechs Rezidive auftraten. Die Risikofaktoren Diabetes Mellitus, Hypertonie und/oder Adipositas bestanden bei 31,6% aller Patientinnen. Die Rate an schweren chronischen Nebenwirkungen betrug 2,8% bei allen kombiniert strahlentherapeutisch behandelten Patientinnen. Nach alleinigem HDR-AL wurden bei zwei diabetisichen Patientinnen (0,7%) Rektum-Scheiden-Fisteln beobachtet. Schlußfolgerung: Mit dem Einsatz der individuellen postoperativen Strahlentherapie bei möglichst exaktem Staging steht ein relativ nebenwirkungsarmes Behandlungskonzept mit ausgezeichneten Therapieergebnissen zur Verfügung. Der Verzicht auf eine postoperative Strahlentherapie ist nach unserer Auffassung derzeit nicht angebracht und sollte sehr sorgfältig begründet werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Reduction of friction and wear for parts made of aluminium by diamond-like carbon coatingsReduction of friction and wear of machine parts and tools is usually achieved by separating the participating surfaces. This is predominantly done by liquid lubricants. Solid lubricant coatings replace them where hydrodynamic lubrication is not possible or not active. Among the hard and friction reducing layers diamond-like carbon films (DLC) have distinguished themselves as the most interesting representatives. They are deposited on metallic and ceramic parts in a glow discharge of a hydrocarbon gas at temperatures between 150 and 200 °C. Those low deposition temperatures, their very low dry sliding friction coefficient of 0.05 to 0.1, and an elastic recovery of 90 % differentiate them from PVD coatings to a high degree. DLC can also be deposited on light metals with thicknesses of more than 30 μm. For closed films an outstanding protection against corrosion is established. Machining and forming of light metals can be done without cooling lubricants.
    Notes: Die für eine Minderung von Reibung und Verschleiß von Maschinenteilen und Werkzeugen nötige Trennung der beteiligten Oberflächen geschieht überwiegend durch flüssige Schmierstoffe. Festschmierstoffe in Form von Oberflächenbeschichtungen ersetzen diese dort, wo eine hydrodynamische Schmierung nicht möglich oder nicht wirksam ist. Unter den harten und reibungsmindernden Schichten haben sich diamantähnliche Kohlenstoffschichten (DLC) als die interessantesten Vertreter hervorgetan. In einer Glimmentladung eines Kohlenwasserstoffgases werden sie bei Temperaturen zwischen 150 und 200 °C auf metallischen und keramischen Teilen abgeschieden. Diese niedrigen Abscheidetemperaturen, ihr mit 0,05 bis 0,1 sehr niedriger Trockengleitreibungskoeffizient und eine elastische Rückfederung von 90 % grenzen sie in hohem Maße von PVD-Schichten ab. DLC kann auch auf Leichtmetallen in Schichtdicken von mehr als 30 μm aufgetragen werden. Bei geschlossenen Schichten ergibt sich ein hervorrangender Korrosions-schutz. Bei der zerspanenden und umformenden Bearbeitung von Leichtmetallen ist der Verzicht auf Kühlschmierstoffe möglich.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 76-76 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 165-165 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 166-166 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 434-434 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 20 (1969), S. 569-569 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 533-534 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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