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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    The @Journal of Supercritical Fluids 6 (1993), S. 85-89 
    ISSN: 0896-8446
    Keywords: continuous enzymatic reaction ; ethanol ; lipase ; myristic acid ; supercritical carbon dioxide
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Nervenarzt 69 (1998), S. 799-805 
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Langzeitkatamnese ; Transsexualismus ; Soziale Integration ; Operationsresultate ; Indikation ; Key words Long-term follow-up ; Transsexuals ; Social integration ; Operation results ; Indications
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary From 69 transsexual patients (48 men, 21 women) having consulted the Basel University Psychiatric Outpatient-Department between 1970 and 1990, 13 men-to-woman- and 4 woman-to-man-transsexuals could be examined in a follow-up (5–20 years after the operation). The social conditions and the quality of life of the 13 men-to-woman-transsexuals had significantly deteriorated: 9 of the 13 depend on life annuity or on social welfare assistance. The patients live socially very isolated. Eight of them report almost not being able to experience sexual pleasure, 10 suffer from anxieties, depression or addictions. Three regret having demanded the operation and two have passed a second operation for restoration of the original state. The 4 woman-to-man-transsexuals showed slightly better results: 2 of them are fully professionally active and live in constant personal relationships of several years of duration. The 2 others, however, suffer from depression and problems of addiction and give the impression of affective lability. The results lead to the following conclusions: 1. the criteria of indication for the operation of the transsexuals should be observed thoroughly, especially the psychotherapeutic accompaniment before the operation during at least 1 year; 2. the question of emotional stability, of frustration tolerance and of the danger of an outbreak of psychosis are to be examined carefully; 3. the professional and social integration before and after the operation is of central importance.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Von den 69 transsexuellen Patienten (48 Männer, 21 Frauen), die zwischen 1970 und 1990 die Psychiatrische Universitätspoliklinik Basel aufgesucht haben, konnten in einer katamnestischen Untersuchung (Katamnesendauer: 5–20 Jahre) 13 Mann-zu-Frau und 4 Frau-zu-Mann-Transsexuelle exploriert werden. Bei den 13 MzF haben sich die soziale Situation und das Befinden signifikant verschlechtert: 9 von 13 beziehen Renten oder Fürsorgeleistungen und leben sozial weitgehend isoliert. Acht von ihnen klagen über geringes sexuelles Erleben, und 10 Patienten leiden unter Ängsten, Depressivität und Suchtverhalten. Drei Patienten bereuten die Operation, bei 2 wurde eine Rückoperation durchgeführt. Bei den 4 FzM ergaben sich etwas bessere Befunde: Immerhin sind 2 von ihnen voll berufstätig und leben in mehrjährigen festen Beziehungen. Die beiden anderen leiden aber unter Depressivität und Suchtproblemen und wirkten affektiv labil. Aus den vorliegenden Befunden werden 3 Konsequenzen gezogen: 1. Die Indikationskriterien sind sorgfältig einzuhalten, insbesondere die mindestens einjährige psychotherapeutische Begleitung vor der Operation, 2. die Frage der emotionalen Stabilität und Belastbarkeit sowie der Psychosengefährdung ist besonders gründlich abzuklären; 3. von zentraler Bedeutung für die Prognose ist die prä- und postoperative berufliche und soziale Integration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1573-6776
    Keywords: lipase ; solvent-free medium ; transesterification ; tri-docosahexaenoylglycerol
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract The enzymatic synthesis of homogeneous tri-docosahexaenoylglycerol from glycerol and ethyl docosahexaenoate in a solvent-free medium was achieved using Novozym SP 435 (immobilized lipase from Candida antarctica). Two processes were tested: a constant stirred tank reactor with N2 bubbling through and a constant stirred tank reactor under vacuum. The first experimental apparatus was clearly found to be better than the other, giving 100% (w/w) conversion after 10 h.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 40 (1992), S. 329-333 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: lipase ; supercritical carbon dioxide ; kinetics ; esterification ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Myristic acid esterification has been performed by an immobilized lipase from Mucor Miehei both in n-hexane and in supercritical carbon dioxide (SCCO2). The enzyme is stable in SCCO2 at 15 MPa and 323 K. The reaction rate is influenced by the concentration of water and by the reaction medium composition. A reaction mechanism is proposed, and kinetic parameters are determined at 12.5 MPa and 313 K. Maxium velocity appears 1.5-fold higher in SCCO2 than in n-hexane; however, as solubility of myristic acid is greater in n-hexane, it is not yet definitively clear that the supercritical medium is more favorable than the classical organic solvent for this type of enzyme reaction.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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