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  • Ovary  (2)
  • Key words Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)  (1)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0711
    Keywords: Ovary ; FSH ; Inhibin ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effects of a highly purified preparation of human follicular fluid inhibin (hFF-Inhibin) on the ovary of immature rats have been studied. The highly purified preparation was obtained by gel and ion-exchange chromatography and ultrafiltration of the acetone dried extract of human follicular fluid. Administration of 5, 10, or 20 μg of inhibin daily for 10 days starting from day 11 postnatum resulted in (1) a significant reduction of basal FSH levels by the 20 μg dose but not by lower doses, (2) atresia of preantral and antral follicles in an apparently dose-related manner, (3) hyperplasia of the theca interna, and (4) degeneration of the granulosa cells, maximum damage being in the group treated with 20 μg. In inhibin-induced atretic follicles there were no signs of (a) granulosa cell-luteinisation, (b) connective tissue invasion, (c) hyalinisation of the basement membrane, or (d) vascularisation. Simultaneous administration of human menopausal gonadotrophin (hMG) led to luteinisation of the atretic follicles. However, the other structural alterations mentioned above (b-d), and those of the theca cells could not be overcome by hMG. In addition, there was no significant difference in the ovarian weight of animals treated with hMG when compared to those treated with inhibin and hMG, but the serum levels of the oestradiol in the latter were significantly lower. Our results suggest that hFF-inhibin acts not only at the pituitary, but also at the ovarian level.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1434-0879
    Keywords: Key words Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) ; Micrometastases ; Prostatic cancer ; Prostate membrane-specific antigen (PSM)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Detection of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSM)-mRNA expression in blood samples using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is discussed as a new diagnostic marker of circulating micrometastases in prostate cancer patients. We applied the RT-PCR technique to different human tissues and obtained positive signals for PSM transcripts in human genital and multiple extra-genital tissue sites. The cDNAs were prepared from different human tissues and prostatic cell lines. RT-PCR and nested RT-PCR for PSM was performed with primers derived from the published PSM cDNA. The RT-PCR fragments obtained were cloned and showed 100% sequence homology to PSM. Southern blot hybridization with labeled probes was used to confirm the specificity of the amplicons. In addition to the known PSM expression in the human brain, PSM-mRNA was detected in cDNA isolated from human testis, epididymis and seminal vesicles and in the PC-3 prostatic cancer cell line. Furthermore, we found PSM-mRNA in heart, liver, lung, kidney, spleen, and thyroid gland. The results indicate that PSM expression is not restricted to the prostate gland, but represents a more general component of genital and extra-genital human tissues. This must be considered when RT-PCR and nested RT-PCR screening for PSM expression is performed as a diagnostic measure in blood from prostate cancer patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 144 (1974), S. 1-18 
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Mammals ; Mole ; Ovary ; Interstitial cells ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Das Ovar des Maulwurfs wurde licht- und elektronenmikroskopisch untersucht. Der Feinbau der verschiedenen Follikel und der Keimzellen entspricht dem anderer Species. Die Granulosa wird vermutlich erst mit der Ovulation luteinisiert. Sie enthält reichlich rauhes endoplasmatisches Reticulum und Sprossen von glattem endoplasmatischem Reticulum. Die Zellen der Theka interna leiten sich von Fibrocyten ab und enthalten neben reichlich glattem ER auch granuläres ER sowie Lipidtropfen und Mitochondrien mit Cristae und Tubuli. Diese Zellen ähneln in ihrer Feinstruktur stark den Zwischenzellen des ovarialen Marks. Dieses enthält in der Marksträngen Epithelien, die einer kräftigen Basalmembran aufsitzen. Sie werden teils als embryonal persistierende Vorstufen von Granulosa- oder Sertoli-Zellen, teils als Granulosasprossen aus der Rinde gedeutet. Für die Zwischenzellen des Marks erscheint eine Analogie mit den Hiluszellen des menschlichen Ovarialmarks bzw. eine Homologie mit den Leydig-Zellen des Hodens zweifelhaft. Als mögliche Quelle für diesen Zelltyp werden neben embryonal liegengebliebenen Anteilen auch Thekakeile und Epoophoronzellen sowie Fibroblasten diskutiert. Neben einer Steroid-synthese dürfte ihnen eine Reserve- und Speicherfunktion zukommen.
    Notes: Summary In order to make possible comparison between relatively primitive and relatively specialized gonads, the ovary of the mole was studied by light and electron microscopy. The ultrastructure of primary, secondary and tertiary follicles and of the germ cells is similar to that of other species. The granulosa cells of secondary and early tertiary follicles contain abundant rough endoplasmic reticulum and a small number profiles of smooth endoplasmic reticulum. The cells of the theca interna, which develop from simple fibrocytes are rich in smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum and contain many lipid droplets and mitochondria, which possess both cristae and tubuli mitochondriales. At the time of ovulation, the granulosa cells are luteinized and their ultrastructure changes correspondingly. The medulla of the ovary is composed of the medullary cords and the interstitial cells. The medullary cords are solid epithelial cords, which are surrounded by a prominent basement membrane. They may be derived from embryonic precursors of granulosa—or Sertoli-cells or bud from the cortical zonae granulosae. There is a striking morphological similarity between the theca and interstitial cells. The interstitial cells of the ovarian medulla differ from the hilus cells of the human ovary and the Leydig-cells of the testis. They may develop either from embryonic rudiments of Leydig—or hilus-cell precursors, or bud from the theca or the epoophoron, or they may develop from fibrocytes. In addition to their suggested activity in steroid biosynthesis, the interstitial cells may have a trophic or storage function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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