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  • Key words Systematic reviews — evidence-based medicine — meta-analysis — clinical epidemiology  (1)
  • Parathyroid hormone  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 70 (1992), S. 748-751 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Hypertension ; Calcium ; Parathyroid hormone ; 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Essential hypertension has been associated with disturbed calcium metabolism, but the available data are controversial. We measured parameters of calcium metabolism in groups of untreated male subjects (n = 78) with elevated diastolic blood pressure (101 ± 6 mmHg, mean ± SD) and age-matched male subjects (n=79) with low diastolic blood pressure (62 ± 4 mmHg). The participants of the study were drawn from a random population sample. Subjects with high diastolic blood pressure had significantly higher carboxy-terminal parathyroid hormone (PTH) plasma concentrations than controls with low diastolic blood pressure (median 114 vs. 43 pmol/l, P 〈 0.01). The 25-hydroxyvitamin D and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D concentrations were comparable in both groups. Individuals with high diastolic blood pressure had significantly lower total serum calcium (2.41 ± 0.10 vs. 2.47 ± 0.10 mmol/l, mean ± SD; P 〈 0.01). PTH concentrations were correlated with diastolic pressure (r = −0.39, P 〈 0.001). The data are compatible with increased parathyroid activity despite unchanged concentrations of vitamin D metabolites in human hypertension.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Zeitschrift für Kardiologie 86 (1997), S. 313-319 
    ISSN: 1435-1285
    Keywords: Key words Systematic reviews — evidence-based medicine — meta-analysis — clinical epidemiology ; Schlüsselwörter Systematische Reviews — evidenz-basierte Medizin — Meta-Analyse — klinische Epidemiologie
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The ever growing tide of results from great numbers of clinical studies clearly outweighs the abilities of the individual clinician to keep abreast of the actual state of scientific evidence and to apply it in his clinical decision-making in a timely and valid manner. Evidence-based medicine, with its central demand to link best individual clinical knowledge with best available external, scientific evidence to achieve optimal patient care, has clearly identified the urgent need for scientific techniques which allow the synthesis of scientific evidence, as collected in numerous singular studies, in an explicit, reproducible, and critically appraisable report format, and to up-date these reports regularly. The methods of Systematic Reviews, encompassing the techniques of meta-analysis, were developed for this purpose. They are explained and presented here in detail as they relate to the field of cardiology. Various problematic aspects have recently dominated cardiologists' discussion of meta-analyses. We point out that the techniques of Systematic Reviews hold promising solutions for many of them and that work on technical improvements is ongoing. The International Cochrane Collaboration is introduced as a global network of scientists and experts from varying fields of medicine with the aim of producing highest quality Systematic Reviews on a wide scope of topics. However, to date only few cardiologists have joined the rapidly rising numbers of Cochrane collaborators.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die stetig wachsende Flut von klinischen Studienergebnissen überfordert die Fähigkeit des einzelnen Arztes, die aktuell vorhandene biomedizinisch-wissenschaftliche Evidenz frühzeitig und in valider Weise für die ärztliche Entscheidungsfindung zu nutzen. Die evidenz-basierte Medizin stellt die zentrale Forderung, daß die individuelle, klinische Expertise des Arztes stets mit der besten, aktuell verfügbaren Evidenz aus der Wissenschaft zu einer optimalen Patientenversorgung verknüpft werden soll. Sie hat die Entwicklung wissenschaftlicher Techniken forciert, welche es gestatten, die mit großem Aufwand in Einzelprojekten gesammelten wissenschaftlichen Evidenzen in einer klaren, nachvollziehbaren und der kritischen Bewertung zugänglichen Form zusammenzufassen und auf einem aktuellen Stand zu halten. Diese formalisierten Zusammenfassungen werden als Systematische Studienübersichten oder Systematischer Review bezeichnet und schließen in der Regel auch meta-analytische Techniken mit ein. Für viele Probleme, die in der kardiologischen Diskussion in letzter Zeit das Thema ,"Meta-Analysen" dominiert haben, bieten die Techniken der Systematischen Reviews hoffnungsvolle Lösungsansätze. Die Arbeit an ihrer Verbesserung befindet sich in einem stetigen Entwicklungsprozeß. Die Internationale Cochrane Collaboration wird vorgestellt als ein globales Netzwerk von Wissenschaftlern und Medizinern, das sich allein der Aufgabe qualitativ hochstehender Systematischer Reviews widmet, und ihre Struktur wird beschrieben. Leider finden sich bisher kaum Kardiologen bereit, in dieser Kollaboration mitzuwirken.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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