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  • Key wordsGallus gallus domesticus  (1)
  • chronbiology  (1)
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Internal and external factors modulate food-calling in domestic hens (1999)
    Springer
    Animal cognition 2 (1999), S. 1-10 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-9456
    Schlagwort(e): Key wordsGallus gallus domesticus ; Food call ; Food ; preference ; Psychophysiological state ; Cognitive ; abilities
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Two series of experiments investigated factors affecting utterance of food calls in the domestic hen, Gallus domesticus. The first series of experiments tested the effect of food preference and the hen’s internal state on the utterance of food calls. Different food types were presented first singly and then in a choice test to 20 hens, first when hens were laying, and then when they were maternal. The second series of experiments tested the effect of hunger level on the utterance of food calls in laying hens, and maternal hens with or without chicks. These two series of experiments showed that laying hens and maternal hens showed a similar marked preference for certain types of food, but laying hens very rarely emitted food calls, in contrast to maternal hens. This shows the effect of the bird’s psychophysiological state on her tendency to emit food calls. The more a maternal hen preferred a food type, the more food calls she emitted. This was observed from the beginning of a test in single-food tests as well as in choice tests. Hunger level positively affected food-call production under certain feeding conditions in maternal hens, but not in laying hens. When maternal hens were tested in the absence of their chicks, utterance of food calls was more sustained than in the presence of chicks.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100710050019
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Seasonal variation in peripheral blood leukocyte subsets and in serum interleukin-6, and soluble interleukin-2 and-6 receptor concentrations in normal volunteers (1994)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 50 (1994), S. 821-829 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Schlagwort(e): Interleukins ; leukocytes ; lymphocytes ; seasons ; annual rhythms ; chronbiology
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract This study has been carried out in order to investigate seasonal variation in peripheral blood immune cells, such as leukocytes, monocytes, neutrophils, lymphocytes, CD3+ T, CD4+ T, CD8+ t, CD25+ T, CD20+ B, and serum interleukin-6 (IL-6), soluble IL-6 receptor (sIL-6R) and sIL-2R levels in normal volunteers. Toward this end, 26 normal volunteers (13 men, 13 women) had monthly blood samplings during one calendar year for peripheral blood count, flow cytometric enumeration of peripheral leukocyte subsets and immunoassays of IL-6, sIL-6R and sIL-2R. It was found that most of the immune variables change rhythmically during the seasons as a group phenomenon. Statistically significant yearly variations with seasonal rhythms, i.e. annual rhythms or harmonics, such as semiannual, tetramensual and trimensual rhythms, were found in the number of leukocytes, neutrophils, monocytes, lymphocytes, CD4+ T, CD8+ T, CD25+ T, CD20+ B cells, in the CD4+/CD8+ ratio, and serum IL-6 and sIL-6R levels. It is concluded that the immune system is characterized by a multifrequency time-structure with significant high-amplitude yearly variations in the number of some peripheral blood leukocyte subsets.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01956463
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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    Artikel (Nationallizenzen)
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