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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of adrenergic innervation of the iris and fluorescent ganglion cells in the choroid of the chick eye (1978)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 191 (1978), S. 311-319 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The developing innervation of the chick eye has been studied using catecholamine histofluorescence. The innervation of the pupillary dilator by the superior cervical ganglion begins on day 13 of incubation when fluorescent axons can be seen in the ciliary zone circumscribing the dilator. On day 14 a few processes are seen to branch from this band into the dilator. The number of processes in the dilator increases on days 15 and 16. After day 16 there is a reorganization of the fibers radially accompanied by a moderate increase in the number of processes. In addition, a group of fluorescent cells can be seen in the choroid adjacent to the ciliary body. These cells are bipolar at day 9 and become multipolar by 12 days of incubation. These cells contribute to a fluorescent plexus of processes in the choroid which stops abruptly at the border of the choroid and ciliary zone. It is thought that they represent a terminal sympathetic ganglion receiving preganglionic input from the carotid nerve.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091910304
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Adipocyte development in primary rat cell cultures: A scanning electron microscopy study (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 216 (1986), S. 416-422 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: This study utilized scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques to observe primary cultures of stromal-vascular (SV) cells derived from postnatal rat inguinal adipose tissue. Cells were grown on collagen-coated, fibronectin-coated, or uncoated glass coverslips. Coverslips were normally fixed in glutaraldehyde, osmium tetroxide, dehydrated, and critical-point-dried. Other coverslips were frozen in isopentane (cooled in LN2) and dried or fixed in Baker's formalin for demonstration of inosine diphosphatase (IDPase) by X-ray microprobe analysis (XRMA). Adipocyte morphologies were similar on all substrates. At 2 days of culture, actin cables were detected extending from developing adipocytes. No difference in actin cable structure, cellular shape, or lipid accumulation was observed among the different substrates. Some stromal cells did not accumulate lipid but proliferated into a multilayer by 9 days in culture. Inosine diphosphatase was detected in the Golgi apparatus of developing adipocytes utilizing the technique of XRMA. This study demonstrates the potential for using SEM and XRMA techniques to define morphological features and cytochemical markers of adipocytes in vitro and the response of primary cultured rat SV cells to other attachment substrates.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1092160311
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A monoclonal antibody to the T-cell receptor increases IGF-I receptor content in normal T-lymphocytes: Comparison with phytohemagglutinin (1992)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 48 (1992), S. 81-85 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: IGF-I receptor ; T-cells ; OKT-3 ; PHA ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: The biological effects of the IGFs are mediated through interaction with specific cell surface receptors. It has been previously reported that mitogenic activation of T-lymphocytes by phytohemagglutinin (PHA) is associated with increased IGF-I receptor content. However, the mechanisms which regulate IGF-I receptor expression during T-lymphocyte activation are unknown. To explore further the regulation of IGF-I receptor expression in T-cells, we investigated IGF-I receptor content and mRNA abundance in T-lymphocytes after stimulation either by PHA or OKT-3, the latter being a monoclonal antibody directed against the CD-3 antigen of the T-cell receptor IGF-I binding in T-cells demonstrated increased IGF-I receptor content after stimulation by both PHA and OKT-3. Peak binding was induced after 72 h of treatment with PHA and 48 h of treatment with OKT-3. Affinity cross-linking of 125I-IGF-I to T-cell membranes demonstrated a single ∼ 130 kDa band which was increased after treatment with PHA or OKT-3. This band was inhibited by the addition of α-IR3, a monoclonal antibody to the IGF-I receptor. Both PHA and OKT-3 increased IGF-I receptor mRNA abundance with peak increases at 20 h and 60 h, respectively. Parallel increases in IGF-I receptor and β-actin mRNA abundance were observed, consistent with previous studies demonstrating increased actin gene expression after T-cell activation. Thus, the increase in IGF-I receptor mRNA abundance markedly preceded the increase in IGF-I receptor content after PHA stimulation, but the increase in IGF-I receptor mRNA abundance followed the increase in IGF-I receptor content after OKT-3. These studies suggest, therefore, that IGF-I receptor content in both of these activated cells is not regulated primarily at the level of steady state mRNA.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240480112
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aberrant crypts in human colonic mucosa: Putative preneoplastic lesions (1992)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 50 (1992), S. 55-62 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: aberrant crypts ; chemoprevention ; enzyme-altered foci ; intermediate biomarker ; preneoplastic lesions ; putative colorectal cancer precursor ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Aberrant crypts are recognized in methylene blue-stained, unsectioned, colonic mucosa by their increased size, elliptical lumenal opening, thicker epithelial layer, and increased pericryptal region. Aberrant crypt foci in rodents are observed as early as 2 weeks and for at least 9 months after a single dose of carcinogen, have a distribution that parallels that of tumors, and have an increased number of aberrant crypts per focus with time after the carcinogen dose. The ability to quantify these lesions in the entire colon of rodents in less than an hour suggests that aberrant crypts may provide a highly efficient in vivo bioassay for colon carcinogens. Since aberrant crypt foci appear to be the earliest identifiable putative precursors of colon cancer, they represent lesions that can be characterized further for the earliest genetic and biochemical alterations. In F344 rats, we have demonstrated that aberrant crypts have multiple histochemically-detectable enzyme alterations. Using similar techniques, we were the first to demonstrate aberrant crypts in unsectioned human mucosa. After embedding and sectioning, these microscopic aberrant crypts resemble rare lesions described earlier in the literature after extensive serial sectioning. In rats and humans, aberrant crypts may be histologically normal or display varying degrees of dysplasia and histochemically-detectable altered enzyme activities. These putative, preneoplastic lesions should reveal early changes that precede colon cancer and ways to alter their progression.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240501111
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stable expression of a cDNA encoding a human β1 → 3galactosyltransferase responsible for lacto-series type 1 core chain synthesis in non-expressing cells: Variation in the nature of cell surface antigens expressed (1992)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 50 (1992), S. 165-177 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: β1 → 3galactosyltransferase ; stable expression ; glycolipids ; lacto-series type 1 chain ; Lewis antigens ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Transient expression of a human colonic adenocarcinoma Colo 205 cell derived cDNA in cell lines which ordinarily express only neolacto-series glycolipids has resulted in the expression of a β1 → 3galactosyltransferase gene responsible for synthesis of glycolipids based upon the lacto-series type 1 core chain. Calcium phosphate transfected cells were panned on anti-lgM coated plates after initial treatment with a combination of monoclonal antibodies specific for type 1 chain terminal structures (TE-3) and a very broadly specific antibody reactive with multiple type 1 chain derivatives (TE-2). Adherent cells after panning were capable of efficiently transferring Gal in β1 → 3-linkage to the acceptor glycolipid Lc3. Using these reagents, clones of stably transfected human colonic adenocarcinoma HCT-15 cells were produced and isolated. Parental HCT-15 cells do not express type 1 chain based antigens. The nature of the type 1 chain based antigens produced in each of these clones was analyzed by solid phase antibody binding assays. Three types of behavior were observed. Formation of type 1 terminal structures that were either exclusively sialylated or fucosylated, or a mixture of sialylated and fucosylated determinants occurred. In contrast, no difference in type 2 antigen expression between any clone and the parental cells was observed. These data suggest that coordination of subsequent reactions capable of modifying type 1 chain structures is not the same in all clones. The relationship of these results to aspects of cellular regulation of carbohydrate biosynthesis is discussed. © 1992 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240500207
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A staging system for forelimb regeneration in the axolotl, Ambystoma mexicanumSupported by NIH training grant 5-T01-GM 00312 (PWT), the Muscular Dystrophy Association (BMC) and a Rackham Grant and NIH-HD 08150 (TGC). (1976)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 150 (1976), S. 117-128 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: A staging system has been devised for normal regeneration from the upper arm in the mature axolotl. It consists of seven externally definable stages: (1) Wound healing (WH); (2) Dedifferentiation (DD); (3) Early bud (EB); (4) Medium bud (MB); (5) Late bud (LB); (6) Palette (Pal), and (7) Digital outgrowth (DO). Serial histological sections of 38 regenerating limbs were used to correlate gross stages with microscopic events in the regenerative process.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051500106
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A scanning electron microscopic and quantitative histologic description of lens regeneration in the newt, Notophthalmus viridescens (1978)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 158 (1978), S. 31-40 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Adult newts (Notophthalmus viridescens) were lentectomized and at intervals from 4 to 21 days after lentectomy iridocorneal complexes from these animals were examined by scanning electron microscopy to allow a full appreciation for the shape of the regenerating lens. Until around day 12 after lentectomy the posterior surface of the iris is covered by a dense mat of fibrous material which cannot be removed without damage to the iris and which obscures the events of cytoplasmic shedding. The regenerate becomes visible first around stage IV (day 12). A small but clear groove demarcates the regenerate from the rest of the iris. As regeneration progresses there is a marked reduction in debris on the iris surface and the regenerate appears as a U-shaped thickening occupying about one-third of the dorsal half of the iris. During later stages (VI-X) the regenerate protrudes into the pupil inferiorly and posteriorly towards the retina, but does not encroach laterally on the remaining pigmented iris tissue. Prior to secretion of the lens capsule the outline of individual cells is visible on the surface of the regenerate and some regenerates exhibit a prominent dimple on their posterior aspects. Following secretion of the capsule the surface of the regenerate becomes smooth. Quantitative studies show that volume and maximum section area of the regenerate are both more strongly correlated with developmental stage of regeneration than with time after lentectomy.
    Additional Material: 16 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051580104
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fate of microinjected genes in preimplantation mouse embryos (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Molecular Reproduction and Development 33 (1992), S. 436-442 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-452X
    Keywords: Transgenic animals ; DNA methylation ; Concatemer formation ; Mosaicism ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The state of genes microinjected into mouse embryos was followed from the one-cell to the blastocyst stage using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Microinjected DNA was detected in all one-, two-, and four-cell injected embryos and in 44% of morula and 26% of blastocysts. Head-to-tail ligation of microinjected genes, a common feature of stably integrated transgene arrays, was detected in all embryos after injection of microinjected genes and occurred irrespective of the structure at the ends of the injected genes. Sensitivity of microinjected DNA to a methylation-dependent restriction endonuclease Dpn I was lost in all embryos by the two-cell stage (24 hr), indicating a change in DNA methylation, independent of transgene integration. Dissociation of blastomeres prior to compaction revealed a mosaic distribution of the microinjected DNA within the embryo and supports the notion that injected genes form a limited number of arrays, which segregate independently until they integrate into the genome or are degraded. Published 1992 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1080330410
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enzyme histochemical differentiation of white adipose tissue in the rat (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    American Journal of Anatomy 169 (1984), S. 315-326 
    Details
    ISSN: 0002-9106
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Subcutaneous adipose tissues from fetal and young rats were studied with enzyme histochemical techniques. Lipid staining and histological evaluation were also utilized to compare the development of a wide variety of enzyme activities to cytoplasmic lipid deposition and morphological differentiation of adipocytes. Three distinct stages of adipose-tissue differentiation were postulated. In stage III, adipocytes were morphologically differentiated (rounded, basal-lamina positive) and enzyme reactive for many enzymes. In stage II, however, adipocytes were reactive for some enzymes but were not morphologically differentiated. Stage I adipose tissue was histologically distinct from connective tissue but did not contain lipid-laden cells or enzyme-reactive cells. Stages I and II (95%) were predominant in fetuses, whereas stage III (90%) was predominant in young animals. Histochemical analysis of adipocytes in newborn rats established the metabolic competence of these cells despite their small size. These studies indicate that enzymatic differentiation of adipocytesclearly precedes morphological differentiation.
    Additional Material: 18 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aja.1001690307
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Organ culture of benign, aging, and hyperplastic human prostate (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Microscopy Research and Technique 30 (1995), S. 271-281 
    Details
    ISSN: 1059-910X
    Keywords: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) ; Prostate cancer (PCA) ; Nodular hyperplasia ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: Organ culture of the human prostate began in the 1970s and was modeled after the work of Lasnitzki and her collaborators in the mouse two decades earlier. In organ culture of human prostates, one sees a rapid increase in epithelial cells and decrease in stromal cells during the first 3-5 days of culture. While modulation of many phenotypic properties occurs, these cultures provide a simple and rapid way to achieve large numbers of human prostatic epithelial cells in cultured tissues that are markedly depleted of stromal cells. There is some evidence that organ cultures are maintained in slightly better functional states in the presence of androgens; however, most of this evidence is less than quantitative. Most organ culture of prostates has been accomplished with tissues from unspecified locations within the prostate; interpretation of cultures carried out in this fashion has been less complete than would have been possible if they had been carried out from specific anatomic locations within the prostate. Careful pathological characterization of locations contiguous to the cultured tissue is mandatory if cultures are to be interpreted meaningfully. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jemt.1070300403
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