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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transformation by the v-fms oncogene product: An analog of the CSF-1 receptor (1987)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 33 (1987), S. 109-115 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: growth factors ; tyrosine-specific protein kinase ; phospholipase C ; second messengers ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: The product of the c-fms proto-oncogene is related to, and possibly identical with, the receptor for the macrophage colony-stimulating factor, M-CSF (CSF-1). Unlike the product of the v-erbB oncogene, which is a truncated version of the EGF receptor, the glycoprotein encoded by the v-fms oncogene retains an intact extracellular ligand-binding domain so that cells transformed by v-fms express CSF-1 receptors at their surface. Although fibroblasts susceptible to transformation by v-fms generally produce CSF-1, v-fms-mediated transformation does not depend on an exogenous source of the growth factor, and neutralizing antibodies to CSF-1 do not affect the transformed phenotype. An alteration of the v-fms gene product at its extreme carboxyl-terminus represents the major structural difference between it and the c-fms-coded glycoprotein and may affect the tyrosine kinase activity of the v-fms-coded receptor. Consistent with this interpretation, tyrosine phosphorylation of the v-fms products in membranes was observed in the absence of CSF-1 and was not enhanced by addition of the murine growth factor. Cells transformed by v-fms have a constitutively elevated specific activity of a guanir.c nucleotide-dependent, phosphatidylinositol-4,5-diphosphate-specific phospholipase C. We speculate that the tyrosine kinase activity of the v-fms/c-fms gene products may be coupled to this phospholipase C, possibly through a G regulatory protein, thereby increasing phosphatidylinositol turnover and generating the intracellular second messengers diacylglycerol and inositol triphosphatc.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240330205
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor (c-fms) (1988)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 38 (1988), S. 179-187 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: c-fms proto-oncogene ; v-fms oncogene ; macrophage colony-stimulating factor ; (CSF-1, M-CSF) ; cell transformation ; tyrosine kinases ; leukemogenesis ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: The macrophage colony-stimulating factor, CSF-1 (M-CSF), is a homodimeric glycoprotein required for the lineage-specific growth of cells of the mononuclear phagocyte series. Apart from its role in stimulating the proliferation of bone marrow-derived precursors of monocytes and macrophages, CSF-1 acts as a survival factor and primes mature macrophages to carry out differentiated functions. Each of the actions of CSF-1 are mediated through its binding to a single class of high-affinity receptors expressed on monocytes, macrophages, and their committed progenitors. The CSF-1 receptor (CSF-1R) is encoded by the c-fms proto-oncogene, and is one of a family of growth factor receptors that exhibits an intrinsic tyrosine-specific protein kinase activity. Transduction of c-fms sequences as a viral oncogene (v-fms) in the McDonough (SM) and HZ-5 strains of feline sarcoma virus has resulted in alterations in receptor coding sequences that affect its activity as a tyrosine kinase and provide persistent signals for cell growth in the absence of its ligand. The genetic alterations in the c-fms gene that unmask its latent transforming potential abrogate its lineage-specific activity and enable v-fms to transform a variety of cells that do not normally express CSF-1 receptors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240380305
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Histochennical properties of some jaw muscles of the lizard Tupinambis nigropunctatus (teiidae) (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 203 (1982), S. 345-352 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In many vertebrate limb and jaw muscles constituent fibers with differing contractile and metabolic properties are distributed so as to produce distinct intramuscular oxidative and glycolytic regions. The purpose of this investigation was to determine if similar compartmentalization exists in jaw muscles of the teiid lizard Tupinambis nigropunctatus. Nine jaw muscles from two adults and one juvenile were examined, and serial sections from each muscle were analyzed using histochemical techniques to indicate relative contractile, oxidative, and glycolytic capacities of the fibers and their patterns of distribution. Three distinct fiber types were observed. The histochemical profile of type 1 fibers most closely resembled that of tonic muscle fibers, while profiles of type 2 and type 3 fibers corresponded to those of fast-twitch glycolytic (FG) and fast-twitch oxidative (FO) fibers, respectively. Three muscles contained only type 2 (FG) fibers, and two muscles contained a noncompartmentalized mixture of all three fiber types. The remaining four muscles were distinctly compartmentalized, having a small, inneroxidative region containing primarily type 1 (tonic) and type 3 (FO) fibers and a larger, outer region consisting entirely of type 2 (FG) fibers. The possible relationships between fiber types, compartmentalization, and jaw function are discussed.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1092030305
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The ovarian condition and sexual behavior in the female guinea pigThis investigation was supported by a grant from the Committee for Research in Problems of Sex, National Research Council. (1938)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    American Journal of Anatomy 63 (1938), S. 457-487 
    Details
    ISSN: 0002-9106
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Additional Material: 5 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aja.1000630305
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Permanent dry preparations of cartilage and bone. A method especially applicable to fetal material (1947)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 97 (1947), S. 41-45 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1090970106
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cellular changes in the anterior hypophysis during the reproductive cycle in the female guinea pigThis investigation was supported by a grant from the Committee for Research in Problems of Sex, National Research Council, grant administered by Prof. William C. Young. (1938)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 72 (1938), S. 211-229 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1090720208
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Induction of polyamine limitation in Chinese hamster ovary cells by α-methylornithine (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 107 (1981), S. 413-426 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells in culture were limited for polyamines through the use of α-methylornithine (αMO), a competitive inhibitor of ornithine decarboxylase. Initial exposure of the cells to the inhibitor caused growth rate and intracellular polyamine content to decline continuously. Reseeding the αMO-treated cells into medium containing the inhibitor resulted in steady-state (exponential) growth at cell densities below 5 × 103 cells/cm2, at a rate approximately twofold slower than untreated cells. Under these conditions, putrescine and spermidine were undetectable and spermine remained relatively constant at a level approximately half that found in untreated cells. Addition of exogenous putrescine elevated the polyamine content and stimulated the growth of αMO-treated cultures. Thus, growth rate correlated with polyamine content in the αMO-treated cells.The growth of reseeded. αMO-treated cells became nonexponential at a density (5 × 103 cells/cm2) far below that at which untreated cells departed from exponential growth (1 × 105 cells/cm2). Medium obtained from high density, αMO-treated cultures inhibited the growth of cells at low density in the presence of αMO. Doubling the concentration of the defined components of conditioned medium did not markedly affect its capacity to inhibit growth. However, dialysis completely removed the inhibitory activity from conditioned medium. The results imply that a low molecular weight inhibitor of growth is produced by polyamine-limited cells. This is a variable that must be controlled in studies with polyamine-limited animal cells.Morphological studies indicated that subcellular organelles, including mitochondria, were largely unaffected by treatment with αMO. The maintenance of mitochondrial integrity in the presence of αMO demonstrates that the swelling of mitochondria observed previously in cells treated with methylglyoxal bis(guanylhydrazone) was not due to polyamine limitation. αMO-treated cells did, however, accumulate numerous cytoplasmic vacuoles. The identity of these vacuoles and their relationship to cellular physiology is not yet understood.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041070313
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The biochemical and ultrastructural effects of tunicamycin and D-glucosamine in L1210 leukemic cells (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 114 (1983), S. 162-172 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Tunicamycin was found to specifically inhibit the incorporation of a number of sugars into L1210 leukemia cell glycoproteins. This inhibition of glyco-protein biosynthesis led to a cessation of cell growth which was reversible in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner. After removal of the antibiotic from L1210 cell cultures resumption of sugar incorporation preceded that of thymidine incorporation and the recovery of cell growth. The treatment of cells with tunicamycin resulted in a significant increase in the intracellular pool of UDP-N-acetylglucosamine which occurred concurrently with alterations in cell ultrastructure including distentions of the endoplasmic reticulum and nuclear membranes. Similar ultrastructural changes and increases in the intracellular pools of UDP-sugars were observed in L1210 cells exposed to 5 mM D-glucosamine, which suggested that the antiproliferative effects of tunicamycin may be related to the accumulation in the endoplasmic reticulum of one or more nucleotide sugar precursors of asparagine-linked glycoprotein biosynthesis. However, the biological effects of tunicamycin could be distinguished from those caused by D-glucosamine. Exposure of L1210 cells to tunicamycin resulted in specific alterations in the biochemical composition of the plasma membrane and in the inhibition of cellular agglutination by wheat germ agglutinin which were not apparent following exposure to equitoxic concentrations of the aminosugar. These studies, together with those which demonstrated that recovery of the cellular capacity to synthesize glycoproteins was obligatory for the recovery of cellular proliferation in tunicamycin-treated cells, suggested that inhibition of the synthesis of glycoproteins was the major factor limiting L1210 leukemic cell proliferation.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041140204
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Treatment with α-difluoromethylornithine plus a spermidine analog leads to spermine depletion and growth inhibition in cultured L1210 leukemia cells (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 121 (1984), S. 476-482 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Of the three biological polyamines, putrescine (Put), spermidine (Spd), and spermine (Spm), the relevance of Spm to cell proliferation has yet to be defined because of our general inability to deplete it selectively in intact cells. In the present study, Spm depletion was accomplished by treating cultured L1210 cells for 96 hr with α-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) and an analog of Spd such as aminopropylcadaverine. N4-methylSpd, N4-ethylSpd, or homoSpd. DFMO, a specific inhibitor of ornithine decarboxylase, halts continued polyamine biosynthesis and the Spd analog serves as a functional substitute for Spd. Thus, while the Spd analog fulfills the role(s) of Spd in cell proliferation, Spm becomes steadily depleted. In cells treated with DFMO plus the analog, aminopropylcadaverine, Spm pools decline steadily and growth inhibition occurs after 48 hr (when Spm pools decline to 60% of control). By 96 hr, Spm is ∼ 15% of control and growth is 〈 30%. Prevention studies with exogenous polyamines confirm a causai relationship between Spm depletion and growth inhibition. The critical levels of polyamines for cell proliferation to take place were found to be 30% of control for Spd and 60% for Spm. The use of DFMO plus a Spd analog is proposed as a system for studying the cellular consequences of Spm depletion. Spd depletion can be achieved for comparison purposes by treating cells with DFMO alone.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041210305
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regulation of gene expression of myeloperoxidase during myeloid differentiation (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 136 (1988), S. 215-225 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is a major heme enzyme involved in inflammatory responses of polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Using cDNA and intron specific probes for MPO we studied the regulation of MPO expression during myeloid differentiation of the promyelocytic HL-60 leukemia cell line. Mature MPO mRNA species of 3.3, 2.8 and 1.6 kb and heterogenous nuclear (hn)RNA of 〉 8 and ∼4 kb were observed in wildtype HL-60 cells. Induction of differentiation of the cells towards either granulocytes or macrophages resulted in a profound decrease (〉 95%) in the concentration of MPO mRNA levels, showing that gene expression of MPO mRNA is closely linked to the stage of development of myeloid cells. Studies using normal and leukemic hematopoietic cells confirmed these findings and showed that myeloblasts and promyelocytes contain MPO mRNA. Rate of transcription of MPO was measured by a nuclear run-on assay in wild-type and day 3- and day -4 differentiated HL-60 cells and was nearly the same in all three. In contrast, rate of transcription of c-myc in the same nuclei became almost undetectable with induction of differentiation. Overall transcription decreased by 60% and 80% on day 3 and 4 of differentiation, respectively, compared to wild-type cells. Stability of mature MPO mRNA was also measured and found to be the same in wild-type and differentiated HL-60. Half-life of MPO hnRNA was ≤ 30 min in wild-type HL-60; nevertheless, this hnRNA was easily detectable 3 days after induction of differentiation of these cells. Taken together, the results show that decreased expression of MPO mRNA with differentiation occurs in part post-transcriptionally, possibly due to a failure in RNA processing. In addition, as overall transcription decreases during differentiation, MPO transcription is concomitantly reduced. This indicates that transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms cooperate in the control of MPO gene expression.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041360203
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