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  • 1
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Verschluß der A. carotis interna ; Transitorische ischämische Attacken ; Zerebrovaskuläre Reservekapazität ; Fokale motorische Anfälle ; Key words Carotid occlusive disease ; Cerebral reserve capacity ; Transient ischemic attacks ; Limb shaking
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary This case report intends to focus attention on hemodynamic TIAs as cause of repetitive involuntary movements (RIMs) as differential diagnosis of simple partial motor seizures. We report two patients with episodic unilateral limb shaking lasting up to several minutes and which could be triggered by orthostasis, heat or physical exertion. Repeated EEG recordings revealed no epileptic discharges. In both patients, duplex ultrasonography revealed an occlusion of the internal carotid artery (ICA) contralateral to the side of the RIMs. Blood flow velocities in the middle cerebral artery ipsilateral to ICA occlusion were reduced and vasomotor reactivity to hypercapnia was absent. After elevation of blood pressure both patients became asymptomatic. We suggest that in patients with episodes of RIMs, Doppler sonography and tests of cerebral vascular reserve capacity should be performed to search for a hemodynamic origin of these symptoms.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Transitorische ischämische Attacken imitieren in seltenen Fällen einfache fokale motorische Anfälle. Am Beispiel von 2 Patienten wird die differentialdiagnostische Abgrenzung und Therapie solcher hämodynamisch bedingter TIA diskutiert. Beide Patienten litten seit mehreren Monaten unter paroxysmalen einseitigen Extremitätenzuckungen, die durch Orthostase, Hitze oder körperliche Anstrengung ausgelöst wurden. Im EEG fand sich kein Hinweis auf eine fokale Erregungssteigerung. Die farbkodierte Duplexsonographie ergab einen Verschluß der A. carotis interna kontralateral zu den Extremitätenzuckungen. Auf der Seite des Verschlusses waren die Blutflußgeschwindigkeiten in der A. cerebri media erniedrigt und die im Doppler-CO2-Test bestimmte zerebrovaskuläre Reservekapazität erschöpft. In beiden Fällen führte eine Anhebung des Blutdrucks zu Beschwerdefreiheit.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 245 (1998), S. 106-110 
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Key words Agenesis of the corpus ; callosum ; Asymptomatic ; Magnetic ; resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The pattern of anatomical features of the brain revealed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is described in six patients incidentally identified as having acallosal brains. The complex of morphological features associated with complete agenesis of the corpus callosum included lateral displacement of slit-like anterior horns of the lateral ventricles (bullhorn-like shape), dilatation of the posterior horns of the lateral ventricles, absence of the septum pellucidum, lateral displacement of the cingulate gyri, complete separation of fornices and the presence of the anterior commissure and longitudinal callosal bundles (Probst’s bundles). No compensatory enlargement of the anterior commissure was seen in the patients. The planimetrically measured cross-sectional areas of the anterior commissures were between 2.0 and 4.2 mm2 (mean 3.1) (in ten normal subjects they were 4.5, SD 0.4; range 3.8–5.2 mm2) and were reduced in four and normal in two patients. Inconstant morphological features were an absence of the posterior commissure and a radial pattern of the sulci and gyri on the medial aspect of the hemispheres. Conventional clinical testing revealed no abnormalities except a slight impairment of walking heel-to-toe in two patients. None of the patients had subjective restrictions of activities of daily life, which shows the efficacy of unknown compensatory processes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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