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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative behavioral effects of clorgyline and pargyline in man: A preliminary evaluation (1979)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 62 (1979), S. 123-128 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Monoamine oxidase inhibitors ; Depression ; Anxiety ; Clorgyline ; Pargyline
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The antidepressant and other behavioral effects of clorgyline, a preferential inhibitor of monoamine oxidase (MAO) type A, were compared with those of pargyline, a preferential inhibitor of MAO type B, in 16 depressed patients. In a subgroup of more severely depressed patients, clorgyline treatment for 4 weeks resulted in significant improvement on both observer-rated and self-rated scales, while minimal changes occurred during pargyline treatment. Similarly, in a crossover study that included 8 patients examined with multiple scales, clorgyline had generally greater antidepressant and antianxiety effects than did pargyline, although pargyline had some activating effects and also tended to produce more side effects. MAO type A inhibition may be more important than MAO type B inhibition for antidepressant efficacy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00427124
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Species differences in the deamination of dopamine and other substrates for monoamine oxidase in brain (1980)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 72 (1980), S. 27-33 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Clorgyline ; Deprenyl ; Pargyline ; Serotonin ; Phenylethylamine ; Primates ; Caudate ; Cortex ; Monoamine oxidase inhibitors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Cortex and caudate specimens from human, non-human primate and rodent brains were examined for their ability to deaminate dopamine and for their sensitivity to irreversible monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors. Using inhibition curves obtained with clorgyline, deprenyl and pargyline to estimate the relative proportions of MAO-A and MAO-B activity, dopamine was found to be deaminated predominantly by MAO-A in rat cortex and caudate. In contrast, dopamine was primarily an MAO-B substrate in human and vervet cortex and caudate. When clorgyline inhibition curves with tyramine or dopamine as substrate were compared in human, vervet and rat cortex, more pronounced species differences were found with dopamine than with tyramine. In all three species caudate tended to be more sensitive to inhibition by low concentrations of clorgyline than was cortex, suggesting a higher proportion of MAO-A activity in caudate. Similar species differences were also found when MAO-A activities were estimated using serotonin (5-HT): β-phenylethylamine (PEA) ratios (5-HT/5-HT + PEA). These ratios with selective substrates were highly correlated with clorgyline inhibition curves obtained with tyramine as substrate across 29 brain regions and tissues from different rodent and primate species (r=0.85, P〈0.001). Data from both the substrate ratios and the clorgyline inhibition curves confirmed the relative predominance of MAO-B activity in primate brain regions (70–85%) as compared to rat brain regions (45%). Smaller species differences were observed in liver. Species differences in the proportion of brain MAO-A and B activities and in the deamination of dopamine and other substrates for MAO may have important implications in regard to the widespread use of rodent rather than primate models in the study of biogenic amine metabolism and of drugs affecting amine function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00433804
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    6-Hydroxydopamine pretreatment effects on α- and β-adrenergic receptor adaptation to clorgyline (1985)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 329 (1985), S. 158-161 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Catecholamines ; Monoamine oxidase inhibitors ; Antidepressants ; Rats
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effects of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesions on brain adrenergic receptor adaptation to 21 days of treatment with the selective monoamine oxidase type A (MAO-A) inhibitor clorgyline were studied in rats. 6-OHDA pretreatment effectively blocked the decrease in α1-, α2- and β-adrenergic receptor densities observed in response to clorgyline treatment. In saline-treated rats, 6-OHDA reduced norepinephrine (NE) to 8% of control levels, modestly reduced dopamine (DA) to 67% of controls, but did not affect serotonin (5HT) levels in the cortex, Clorgyline administration to shams increased NE and 5HT to 239% and 160% of their respective control levels, but did not effect DA levels. 6-OHDA lesions attenuated clorgyline's effect on cortical NE levels but not 5HT. The results suggest that β-adrenergic receptor adaptation to MAOI's as with tricyclic antidepressants is a response to an increase in catecholamine receptor occupancy, and that a similar molecular mechanism is responsible for the observed clorgyline induced changes in α-adrenergic receptors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00501206
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Long-term lithium treatment in rats attenuates m-chlorophenylpiperazine-induced decreases in food intake but not locomotor activity (1989)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 98 (1989), S. 448-452 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: m-CPP ; Food intake ; Locomotor activity ; Lithium ; Long-term ; Subsensitivity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Administration of various doses of m-chlorophenylpiperazine (m-CPP, a 5-HT agonist) to rats produced dose-related decreases in food intake and locomotor activity. Long-term (21–25 days) but not short-term (3–7 days) lithium treatment attenuated m-CPP-induced decreases in food intake. However, neither short-term nor long-term lithium treatment had any significant effect on m-CPP-induced decreases in locomotor activity. These findings suggest development of functional subsensitivity of 5-Ht1B receptors mediating decreases in food intake and provide further evidence that m-CPP's effects on food intake are mediated by different mechanisms from those regulating locomotor activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00441940
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of lithium on thyroid iodine release in patients with primary affective disorder (1974)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 35 (1974), S. 249-256 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Lithium ; Thyroid ; Iodine Release ; Affective Disorder
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Thyroid iodine release measured by the double isotope method of Nicoloff was studied in patients with manic-depressive illness before, during and after treatment with lithium carbonate. The urinary 125I/131I isotope ratio was measured following administration of Na125I and 131I-thyroxine. In three of four subjects, lithium caused a transient decrease in diurnal variation and a temporary reduction in the normal increase of the 125I/131I ratio during the first week of therapy or after a lithium dose increase. In addition, in two of three subjects, a rebound increase in the isotope ratio occurred following cessation of lithium administration. These changes most likely represent a direct inhibitory effect of lithium on the thyroid iodine release process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00437754
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Individual differences in average evoked responses to d- and l-amphetamine with and without lithium carbonate in depressed patients (1977)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 51 (1977), S. 129-135 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Average evoked response ; Amphetamine ; Lithium ; Affective illness
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Visual average evoked responses (AERs) to four intensities of light were studied in hospitalized depressed patients receiving placebo, d-amphetamine, l-amphetamine, lithium and d- and l-amphetamine combined with lithium. For the assessment of the subjective effects of the drugs, the patients completed a 34-item mood and behavior self-rating scale. AER responses to repeated doses of the amphetamines were consistent within the same individual but varied greatly between different individuals. For the patient group considered as a whole, only minor AER changes occurred in response to either d- or l-amphetamine; nonetheless, these minor changes were attenuated by lithium co-administration. There were indications, however, that AER baseline measures could be used as predictors of change in self-rating due to both d-and l-amphetamine, as patients who had larger AER amplitudes on baseline also tended to have larger increases in activation ratings and reductions in depression ratings. The amount of increase in AER amplitude or amplitude/intensity slope seen with amphetamine was also significantly correlated with the amount of increase in activation or euphoria ratings with amphetamine administration. These effects were most prominent in the same P100 component that we have previously found to differentiate bipolar and unipolar depressed patient groups.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00431728
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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