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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of postnatal age and of thymectomy on hamster pulmonary neuroendocrine system and aspects of programmed cell death (1997)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 290 (1997), S. 553-567 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words. Neuroendocrine system ; Lung ; Neuroepithelial bodies ; Apoptosis ; Thymectomy ; Golden hamster
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Effects of postnatal age and neonatal thymectomy on the numbers and characteristics of pulmonary neuroepithelial bodies (NEB) were investigated in 14-day- compared with 2.5-month-old hamsters. Left lung sections were stained for the marker PGP 9.5 and used for light-microscopic quantification, while the right lungs were processed for an electron-microscopic survey of the NEB ultrastructural features. For the first time, it is clearly demonstrated that, depending on the sampling method, the number of NEB may rise or fall with age; when considering the entire lung volume, the actual number of NEB doubles, whereas when studying a constant surface area, their number apparently decreases. Also, the proportion of alveolar NEB as well as luminal contact increase on normal development. In neonates, in contrast to older animals, apoptosis is clearly present in NEB, and approximately 10% of the NEB are associated with inflammatory cells. In some cases, the dead cells have properties of both apoptosis, disintegration and cytoplasmic degeneration. The presence of intracorpuscular neutrophilic granulocytes correlates with cellular death and innervation of the NEB. Thymectomy causes only minor effects on the pulmonary neuroendocrine system. It is argued that development of the NEB and of their innervation continue during the postnatal period.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004410050961
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural localization of serotonin in the intrapulmonary neuroepithelial bodies of neonatal rabbits by use of immunoelectron microscopy (1986)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 243 (1986), S. 455-459 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Lung ; Neuroepithelial bodies ; Respiratory mucosa ; Serotonin ; Immunogold-staining method ; Rabbit
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The ultrastructural localization of serotonin in neuroepithelial bodies (NEB) of neonatal rabbits was examined by use of the recently developed immunogold-staining method. In the granulated epithelial cells of NEB serotoninimmunoreactive material could be demonstrated only in dense-cored vesicles (DCV) of the first type. No immunoreactivity was observed in DCV of the second type. The present findings support the previously made suggestion that the corpuscular NEB cells contain two distinctive DCV types which react differently with the immunogold-staining procedure for identifying serotonin. NEB, known as intrapulmonary sources of serotonin (and peptide substances), may play a prominent role in lung physiology.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00218051
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Elastogenesis is linked to epithelial-stromal interactions in postnatal hamster bronchioles (1996)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 284 (1996), S. 467-471 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: Epithelium ; Muscle ; smooth ; Elastin ; Cell communication ; Intercellular junction ; Lung ; Hamster (Syrian golden)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. In a previous study, direct epithelial-stromal cell contacts via foot processes perforating the basement membrane were investigated in bronchioles of postnatal hamster lungs. In the present study, analogous postnatal epithelial foot processes have been found on stromal cells exhibiting active elastogenesis as determined by morphological criteria. In addition, elastin is prominently present close to the epithelium, but less so in the deeper layers, in the bronchioles of the 14-day-old hamster. The elastin often has an asymmetrical distribution around the subepithelial fibroblast with preference for secretion toward the epithelium. Thus, elastogenesis can now be linked to epithelial-stromal interactions at the temporal, functional, and morphological levels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004410050607
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphometric analysis of hypoxia-induced synaptic activity in intrapulmonary neuroepithelial bodies (1982)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 226 (1982), S. 201-214 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Lung ; Neuroepithelial bodies ; Nerve endings ; Morphometry ; Hypoxia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A morphometric analysis has demonstrated ultrastructural changes induced by hypoxia in the epithelial cells and the intracorpuscular nerve endings of the presumed chemoreceptive intrapulmonary neuroepithelial bodies (NEB) of neonatal rabbits. Acute hypoxia stimulates an exocytosis of epithelial dense-core vesicles (DCV) at the level of the morphologically afferent or sensory (type 1 a) intracorpuscular nerve endings of the NEB. Assuming the epithelial cells to be chemoreceptive, this phenomenon could represent a transduction of sensory stimuli. In the morphologically efferent or motor (type 2 and type 1 b) intracorpuscular nerve endings of the NEB, acute hypoxia causes a depletion of synaptic vesicles and an increase in the amount of membrane-bounded cisternae and multivesicular bodies, suggestive of an enhanced synaptic activity of these nerve endings. It is proposed that the chemoreceptor cells could thus in turn be modulated centrifugally by their efferent-like intracorpuscular nerve endings. It has been proposed in our earlier studies that the NEB probably are intrapulmonary chemoreceptors with local secretory activities, reacting to the composition of the inhaled air. By the release of serotonin and peptide substances they may produce a local vasoconstriction in hypoxically aerated lung areas, enabling an intrapulmonary regulation of the V/Q ratio. The present study provides evidence that, in addition to this local effect, NEB could generate centripetal nerve impulses via exocytosis of epithelial DCV at the afferent-like intracorpuscular nerve endings. At the same time they could be modulated by the CNS via their efferent-like intracorpuscular nerve endings. With respect to their innervation, numerous similarities appear to exist morphologically and functionally between the carotid body and the intrapulmonary NEB.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00217094
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructure and innervation of neuroepithelial bodies in the lungs of newborn cats (1993)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 236 (1993), S. 181-190 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Neuroepithelial bodies ; Nerves ; Cat ; Lung ; Electronmicroscopy ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Neuroepithelial bodies (NEB) occur throughout the airway mucosa and alveolar parenchyma of kitten lungs. In the bronchi, they are often situated on top of a cartilage plate. They form compact corpuscles containing 10-20 corpuscular cells and appear covered with a layer of flattened Claracells. Kitten NEB are occasionally observed to display mitosis of the corpuscular epithelial cells. A prominent blood capillary lies at their basal pole. The corpuscular cells contain numerous dense core vesicles (DCV), whose number and diameter remain unchanged with age. Kitten NEB are innervated by nerve fibres that “loop” through the corpuscle and form morphologically afferent as well as efferent nerve endings. The nerve endings display afferent synaptic junctions with the corpuscular cells and sometimes run in clusters, so that they contact each other. Many nerve endings undergo spontaneous degeneration.We conclude that kitten NEB are well adapted to function as chemoreceptors and as endocrine or paracrine organs. Their chemoreceptor activity could be modulated by axon reflexes since their afferent nerve endings are often continuous with the efferent ones, as well as by interneural modulation since nerve endings often form clusters. In addition, kitten NEB innervation appears to involute rapidly soon after birth. This may indicate that their chemoreceptor function is only of primary importance during gestation and at birth. However, the secretory function of kitten NEB, as evidenced by the unchanged numbers and dimensions of their DCV, seems to remain steady throughout life.© 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1092360122
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neuroepithelial bodies in the lung of Basiliscus vittatus (Reptilia, Iguanidae) (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 239 (1994), S. 158-169 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Neurosecretory systems ; Reptiles ; Lung ; Immunohistochemistry ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: Neuro-epithelial bodies (NEB) are corpuscles of currently equivocal function which are present in the lungs of vertebrates. Comparative studies may help to elucidate their role.Methods: The NEB of Basiliscus vittatus (Reptilia, Iguanidae), a terrestrial lower vertebrate able to dive, are for the first time examined by electron microscopy, immunocytochemistry, and for argyrophilia.Results: Most NEB contain both immunoreactive calcitonin and serotonin but are not labelled with argyrophilia or immunocytochemistry against calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), protein gene product 9.5 (PGP 9.5), or the Leu-7 epitope (Leu-7). Therefore, in NEB of this species, the transcription of the calcitonin/CGRP gene exclusively favors the expression of calcitonin and this is in contrast to the intrapulmonary small neurons. Also, a physiologic difference is expected in the metabolism of ubiquitin in NEB of B. vittatus vs. mammalian NEB and neurons. In addition, the NEB cells are always covered by at least a thin cytoplasmic extension of a neighbouring cell, indicating that luminal contact is not required. Stronger still, it appears that in some lower vertebrates contact to the airspace is avoided. Finally, we provide ultrastructural evidence for the basket-like innervation of NEB in some reptiles. This way of innervation possibly represents an evolutionarily different concept for interaction between NEB corpuscular cells and nerve fibers.Conclusions: Beyond the confirmation that morphology, content of biologically active substances such as serotonin and calcitonin, and innervation are evolutionary well preserved features of NEB, the results reveal some intriguing features of B. vittatus NEB: strict separation of calcitonin and CGRP, reduced need for the de-ubiquitinating enzyme PGP 9.5, lack of luminal contact, and the basket-like innervation. The latter two properties possibly refer to a mechanoreceptor function of NEB in this species. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1092390206
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