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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 81 (1991), S. 321-326 
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Lycopersicon esculentum ; Salt tolerance ; Seed germination ; Maternal effects ; Tomato improvement ; Gene action
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The salt-tolerant cultivated tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) accession, ‘PI174263’, and a sensitive cv, ‘UCT5’, were crossed to develop reciprocal F1, F2 and BC1 populations for genetic analysis of salt tolerance in tomatoes during seed germination. Variation was partitioned into embryo, endosperm and maternal (testa and cytoplasmic) components. Generation means analysis indicated that there were no significant embryo (additive, dominance or epistatic) effects on germination performance under salt stress. Highly significant endosperm additive and testa dominance effects were detected. The proportion of the total variance explained by the model containing these two components was R2=98.2%. Variance component analysis indicated a large genetic variance with additive gene action as the predominant component. Furhter inspection indicated that this variance was attributable to endosperm additive effects on germinability under salt stress. Narrow-sense heritability was estimated as moderately high. Implications for breeding procedures are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 83 (1992), S. 360-366 
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Additive genetic variance ; Dominance genetic variance ; Maternal effects ; Generation means analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Estimating quantitative contributions to specific traits can be accomplished from a variety of genetic models (Mather 1949; Mather and Jinks 1971; Falconer 1981). Residual genetic effects, those beyond main and interaction effects of the embryo genotype, are often pooled under a single classification, termed maternal effects. Maternal contributions to seed-related traits can originate from various maternal sources (e.g., endosperm, testa and cytoplasm). Quantitative contributions of a maternal nature are not predictable from parental performance and effects are largely non-persistent over generations (Jinks et al. 1972). The methods used to determine maternal effects in quantitative traits often do not measure quantitative genetic parameters, while those that do are either complex or partially resolve potential contributions of individual sources of maternal effects. We present simple genetic models for estimating quantitative genetic parameters which take into account maternal effects expressed in the major seed tissues of higher plants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 31 (1993), S. 807-819 
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: polyethylene, polyene formation on irradiation with acetylene present in ; polyene formation in irradiation of polyethylene with acetylene present ; crosslinking in polyethylene irradiated with acetylene present ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Electron-spin resonance (ESR) and altraviolet (UV) visible spectroscopic evidence has been found for the formation of diene, triene and tetraene, following the irradiation of polyethylene in the presence of acetylene. The polyenes are formed by a mechanism which is different from that observed under vacuum or with inert gas saturation. The sum of the G (polyene) values obtained by UV spectroscopy is almost half that of initial radical formation. It is concluded that polyene bridges, predominantly diene, form crosslinks between radical pairs. G (X) values determined from gel fraction data, using Saito-Kang-Dole theory, are found to be greatly in error and misrepresentative of crosslink changes. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 33 (1995), S. 1307-1311 
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: polymer surfaces ; polymer films ; polymer blends ; phase separation ; polystyrene-polybutadiene ; neutron reflectometry ; ion beam profiling ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 34 (1996), S. 901-908 
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: hydrogen atom ejection ; radical-pair formation ; computer modelling of in ; n-hydrocarbons and high density polyethylene (HDPE) ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Hydrogen atom ejection and subsequent radical pair formation have been modeled in a simple atomistic study employing a BIOSYM amorphous polyethylene macrocell. Mean radical pair distances have been obtained for various maximum hydrogen displacement vibrational cone angles (φ) in the model. φ angles extrapolated from these data, which correspond to experimentally determined mean radical pair distances of Dubinskii et al. (ca. 5.6 Å) and Iwasaki et al. (ca. 5.75 Å), are found to be close to φ angles calculated from hydrogen atom ejection theory. The Dubinskii et al. mean is thought to be the best determination, because the associated model φ angle (ca. φ = 15°) is the closest to φ* angles calculated for excited states of methane. The simple computer model thus supports the mechanism of radical pair formation in solid n-hydrocarbons and polyethylenes. In corroborating the theory for radical pair formation, the theory for polyene crosslinking termination reactions in amorphous polyethylenes irradiated in the presence of acetylene is also supported, because the mechanism requires the prior formation of radical pairs that are separated by distances of the order of those found by Dubinskii et al. The model is transferable to the study of radical-pair reactions in solid n-hydrocarbons irrespective of branching and density variations. A distribution function of radical pair distances from this model, which corresponds to the Dubinskii et al. experimentally determined mean distance, is given for amorphous HDPE. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 32 (1994), S. 469-479 
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: polyethylene ; acetylene ; FTIR ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Interchain bridges of unsaturated double bonds have been proposed to form in amorphous regions, when polyethylene is irradiated in the presence of acetylene. We have corroborated the formation of these bridges by infrared spectroscopic studies. The double bonds are composed mainly of trans-olefin and vinyl end groups, formed as a result of competing radical-radical termination and hydrogen atom abstraction reactions. The hydrogen atom abstraction reaction becomes insignificant in uniaxially oriented high-density polyethylene having a draw ratio of 7.5, because of the alignment and positioning of the initiating radical pairs. During in vacuo irradiation and annealing only in-chain trans-olefins are usually formed. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 45 (1992), S. 819-826 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The transport properties of acetylene in a high modulus polyethylene fiber have been studied in detail over the temperature range of 25 to 65°C. Diffusion coefficients for the fiber are about four orders of magnitude lower than values cited for isotropic high density polyethylene. In keeping with this, a much higher apparent activation energy of diffusion (ca. 80.64 ± 0.53 kJ mol-1) was found. The solubility of acetylene in the fiber (ca. 0.158 cm3 C2H2 STP/cm3 PE @ 76 cm Hg), is lower, but of the same order of magnitude as that expected for isotropic polyethylene. The apparent heat of solution was determined, within experimental limits, to be zero. It is concluded that the acetylene is neither chemically nor physically absorbed onto the fiber, but freely diffuses, according to Fick's law, through the amorphous regions of the polymer.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer International 39 (1996), S. 271-271 
    ISSN: 0959-8103
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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