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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 335 (1993), S. 255-261 
    ISSN: 0941-1216
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Flue Dusts Containing Heavy Metal Ions and Chloride.I. Phase Analysis, Model Experiments for RecyclingFour flue dusts from a cement factory, an electric-furnace steelmaking plant and a municipal waste plant were analyzed by powder diffraction methods. Chloride combines above all with alkali ions or heavy metal ions, especially yielding PbCl2 and KPb2Cl5. The controlled sublimation of these chloride compounds in open crucibles was developed and optimized in our laboratory. Between 850°C and 1150°C and at reaction times from 30 min up to 12 h, the chloride content decreases to below 0.1 wt-%. The sublimed phase mainly consists of alkali and lead chloride. Zinc is found in the flue dust as oxide and is enriched during this process. Recent investigations with a small waelz kiln give analogous results. With our procedure, the manufacturer by himself is able to exploit flue dusts containing a large amount of heavy metal elements and chloride which cannot be deposited. The remaining product contains mainly zinc oxide which can be recycled in the zinc industry or returned to the production process. The sublimed chloride compounds may be recycled in the potash industry.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 619 (1993), S. 1-6 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Lanthanides ; Halides ; Clusters ; Cesium Praseodymium Iodide Dicarbide ; Crystal Structure ; Metal-Metal-Bonding ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Cs2[Pr6(C2)]I12  -  the First Quaternary Reduced Halide with Isolated [M6(C2)] Clusters.Cs2[Pr6(C2)]I12 is obtained as one of the major products from the reaction of PrI3, cesium and carbon in sealed tantalum containers at 850°C. The crystal structure triclinic, P 1; a=948.1(2), b=953.6(3), c=1 005.2(3) pm; α=71.01(2); β=84,68(3), γ=89.37(2)°; Z=1 contains discrete Pr6I12-type clusters elongated along the pseudo-four-fold axis to accommodate the C2 units (d(C - C)=139 pm). The clusters are connected through common i-aI and a-iI linkages at metal vertices and edges according to Cs2[Pr6(C2)iI6i-aI6/2]a-iI6/2. The cesium cations occupy interstices within the (distorted) iodide layers in a way that “Cs2I18” dimers are formed, in which Cs+ is surrounded by eleven I-. On the basis of the MO scheme of [Sc6(C2]I11, the bonding of the C2 unit is discussed and compared with other cluster compounds containing C2 units.
    Notes: Cs2[Pr6C2)]I12 entsteht als ein Hauptprodukt bei der Reaktion von PrI3 mit Caesium und Kohlenstoff in verschweißten Tantalampullen bei 850°C. Die Kristallstruktur triklin, P 1; a =948,1(2); b = 953,6(3); c = 1 005,2(3) pm; α = 71,01(2); β = 84,68(3); γ=89,37(2)°; Z=1 beinhaltet isolierte monomere Pr6I12-Cluster, jeweils mit einer C2-Hantel als interstitieller Baueinheit. Aufgrund des Platzanspruches der C2-Einheit (d)(C - C)=139 pm entlang der pseudo-vierzähligen Achse sind die [M6(C2)]-Cluster gestreckt. Die Verbrückung untereinander erfolgt über “normale” Halogenbrücken (i-aI und a-iI), so daß als Verknüpfungsmuster Cs2[Pr6(C2)iI6i-aI6/2]a-iI6/2 resultiert. Die Cs+-Ionen besetzen reguläre Iodidplätze innerhalb der (verzerrten) Iodidschichten, wobei zwei Cs+-Ionen eine “Cs2I18”-Einheit bilden, in der jedes Cs+ von elf Iodid-Ionen umgeben ist. Die Bindungen innerhalb des Clusters werden auf der Basis des MO-Diagramms von [Sc6(C2)]I11 diskutiert und mit anderen Verbindungen verglichen, die ebenfalls eine C2-Hantel als interstitielle Einheit besitzen.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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