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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interactions between narcotic agonists, partial agonists and antagonists evaluated by punished and unpunished behavior in the rat (1982)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 76 (1982), S. 177-181 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Narcotic agonists ; Narcotic antagonists ; Punishment ; Operant behavior ; Morphine ; Ketocyclazocine ; SKF-10,047 ; Naltrexone ; Naloxone ; Cyclazocine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effects of morphine, ketocyclazocine, cyclazocine, and SKF-10,047 were tested alone and in conjunction with naltrexone or naloxone, in rats responding under a multiple fixed-interval 3-min schedule of food presentation. Under this paradigm, electric shock was delivered on a fixed-ratio schedule for responses occurring during alternate schedule components. All of the drugs (except naltrexone and naloxone) decreased average rates of responding maintained by the unpunished component in a dose-dependent manner. The rate-decreasing effects of morphine and ketocyclazocine were antagonized by naltrexone. The rate-decreasing effects of cyclazocine were only slightly reversed by the antagonists, while those effects of SKF-10,047 were not affected by naltrexone. In some animals, certain doses of SKF-10,047 increased unpunished responding. This rate-increasing effect was antagonized by naltrexone. Morphine, ketocyclazocine, cyclazocine, and SKF-10,047 increased responding that was suppressed by electric shock, and these increases were antagonized by naltrexone and naloxone. Thus, the antagonism of opiate effects by narcotic antagonists depends in part on the behavior being evaluated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00435274
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Impairment of avoidance behavior following short-term ingestion of ethanol, tertiary-butanol, or pentobarbital in mice (1980)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 69 (1980), S. 53-57 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Ethanol ; Tertiary-butanol ; Pentobarbital ; Avoidance behavior ; Mice ; Sedative dependence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Acquisition of a shock avoidance task was impaired in mice after cessation of chronic consumption of ethanol, tertiary-butanol (t-butanol), or pentobarbital. The drugs were administered in liquid diets for 7 days and avoidance behavior was impaired in a test 1 day after withdrawal of the drugs. The avoidance deficit was also observed 8 days after withdrawal from chronic pentobarbital. There was no apparent relationship between the avoidance deficit and physical dependence, as measured by a decrease in body temperature or convulsions on handling, since at 6 h after withdrawal only moderate withdrawal signs were seen in the mice consuming ethanol or t-butanol, and no withdrawal signs were seen in any of the mice at the time of avoidance testing. These results suggest that impairment of avoidance behavior after chronic exposure is a general effect of central nervous system depressants and, in the case of ethanol, is not due to the production of acetaldehyde.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00426521
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Impairment of avoidance behavior following short-term ingestion of alcohol (1979)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 63 (1979), S. 251-257 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Ethanol ; 1,3-Butanediol ; Avoidance behavior ; Ethanol withdrawal syndrome ; Mice
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Acquisition and retention of a shock avoidance task were impaired in mice at 5h and 5 days but not at 14 days after withdrawal from 5 days of chronic alcohol consumption. Mice trained before ingestion of an alcohol-containing diet showed impairment in retention of the shock avoidance procedure 5 h after withdrawal from the diet but not during ingestion or 5 days after withdrawal. At 5 h after withdrawal from the alcohol-containing diet, motor activity and sensitivity to shock were not affected, but there was a decreased motor response to shock. There was no correlation between performance of the avoidance task and the severity of withdrawal signs, as measured by hypothermia or convulsions on handling. The hypothermia and other withdrawal signs were reversed. by acute injection of alcohol but the impairment in avoidance responding was not. These results demonstrate that consumption of an ethanol-containing diet for periods as short as 5 days results in relatively long-lasting alterations in avoidance behavior after withdrawal of the diet. This behavioral impairment appears to be distinct from other signs of alcohol withdrawal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00433558
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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