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  • Molluscs  (1)
  • Röntgenstrahlenaltenuierung  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Parasitology research 62 (1980), S. 179-190 
    ISSN: 1432-1955
    Keywords: Molluscs ; Marisa cornuarietis ; Angiostrongylus cantonensis ; Cellular responses in snails
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The cellular responses in the poorly susceptible ampullariid snailMarisa cornuarietis toAngiostrongylus cantonensis, during a period of 40 days, involved focal and generalized proliferative reactions. The focal reactions appeared around all larvae as accumulations of variable numbers of amoebocytes at 24 h after infection in the loose connective tissues and somewhat later in the dense tissues. This cellular infiltration intensified gradually with time leading to the encapsulation of the parasite. At 18 days after infection a central zone formed mainly of hypertrophic, granular, highly acidophilic amoebocytes and a peripheral zone of fibrous appearance were conspicuous in most capsules. The generalized proliferative reaction appeared at about day 4 after infection as leucocytosis in the vascular system of the snail and in the connective tissue. At 25 days after infection many leucocytes which are markedly hypertrophic, highly eosinophilic, and densely granulated were found in the vascular system. These cells were spread in the connective tissues and contributed to the formation of the capsules at 40 days after infection. The sources of amoebocytes appear to be mainly several hyperactive areas in the loose connective tissue and in the lung, some active foci in the body wall at the head region, and also in an amoebocyte-producing organ which lies in the roof of the lung.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1955
    Keywords: Capillaria hepatica ; X-ray attenuation ; Immunization ; Capillaria hepatica ; Röntgenstrahlenaltenuierung ; Immunisierung
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Der Einfluß von Erstinfektionen mit embryonierten Eiern, von röntgenattenuierten Stadien, von nicht embryonierten Eiern und löslichen Eiextrakten auf Belastungsinfektionen mitCapillaria hepatica wurde untersucht. Die Reproduktivität einer Wurmpopulation aus einer subletalen Belastungsinfektion wurde inMastomys natalensis durch eine 11 Tage vorher gesetzte Erstinfektion mit 50, 150, 400 oder 800 embryonierten Eiern/Tier signifikant reduziert. Ein signifikanter Einfluß von röntgenattenuierten, infektiösen Eiern bzw. von intraperitoneal injizierten, nicht embryonierten Eiern (bei steigenden Dosen über 10 Tage wurde die Eiproduktion normaler Infektionen simuliert) beschränkte sich auf schwache (50 Eier/Tier) Belasnungsinfektionen. Die Kombination attenuierten Infektionsmaterials mit nicht embryonierten Eiern i.p. führte zu keiner gesteigerten Wirkung. In Albinomäusen ließ sich durch vorherige, wiederholte subkutane Injektion von löslichen Eiextrakten die Eiproduktion einer mittleren Belastungsinfektion bis zum 60. Tag p.i. hochsignifikant reduzieren. Die durch Infektionsdosen von 230 embryonierten Eiern/g Körpergewicht beiM. natalensis zwischen dem 20. und 35. Tag p.i. 100% erreichende Mortalität ließ sich durch vorherige Applikation von 50, 150, 400 und 800 Eiern/Tier bei nach 36 und 52 Tagen gesetzten Belastungsinfektionen auf 0–30% reduzieren. Bei Verwendung attenuierten Infektionsmaterials war für einen 70–80% igen Schutz eine wiederholte Vakzinierung notwendig. Die intraperitoneale Injektion von nicht embryonierten Eiern führte bei 40% der Tiere zu einem Schutz. Der Eintritt des Todes verzögerte sich i.d.R. bei vorbehandelten Tieren.
    Notes: Abstract The influence of primary infections with embryonated infective eggs or with X-irradiated infective eggs, and of non-embryonated eggs, and egg homogenate extracts on challenge infections withCapillaria hepatica was investigated. The worm reproductivity was significantly suppressed in a sublethal challenge infection given 11 days after a primary infection ofMastomys natalensis with 50, 150, 400, and 800 eggs per animal. The administration of 600 X-irradiated (2.2 Krd) embryonated eggs 36 days before challenge as well as an intraperitoneal injection of non-embryonated eggs 12, 10, 8, 6, 4, and 2 days before challenge (simulating the egg production of a normal infection) also reduced significantly the egg production of a weak (50 eggs/animal) infection. No effect was observed on a moderate challenge (300 eggs/animal). The effect was not markedly enhanced by the repeated administration of X-irradiated eggs or by the combination of X-irradiated infective eggs and non-embryonated eggs. Immunization of mice with soluble egg extracts resulted in significant reduction of egg production determined 60 days after challenge. Two hundred and thirty eggs ofC. hepatica/g bodyweight proved to be a lethal infection dose forM. natalensis. The animals died between 20 and 35 days after infection. After single infections with 50, 150, 400, or 800 eggs per animal the mortality ofMastomys challenged 36 or 52 days later was reduced to 0–30%. Using X-irradiated embryonated eggs for immunization only repeated administration led to protection in 70 to 80% of the animals. About 40% of the animals could be protected by the intraperitoneal injection of non-embryonated eggs. If death occurred it was delayed. The combination of X-irradiated stages and eggs did not enhance the protection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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