Library

X
feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A parametric description of amphetamine's effect on response rate: changes in reinforcement efficacy and response topography (1985)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 85 (1985), S. 154-161 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: d-Amphetamine ; Response rate ; Reinforcement efficacy ; Response topography ; Matching law ; Rate-dependency ; Variable-interval schedule ; Lever press ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A mathematical model was used to describe the effects of amphetamine on the rate of a reinforced response in the rat. The model provides measures of reinforcement efficacy and response topography for behavior maintained by variable-interval reinforcement schedules. In this study the measured behavior was a lever press, the reinforcer was water, and the variable-interval schedules provided five different rates of reinforcement, ranging from about 20 to 660/h. In each session the rats were exposed to each of the five schedules, and as reinforcement rate increased, the rate of lever pressing increased in a negatively accelerated manner that was closely approximated by the equation for a rectangular hyperbola. Amphetamine changed responser rate and the parameters of the best-fitting hyperbolas. The 0.25–1.0-mg/kg doses increased response rate, and the parameter changes supported the interpretation that the increases were due primarily to an increase in reinforcement efficacy. The 2.0- and 3.0-mg/kg doses decreased response rates maintained by low reinforcement rates and increased response rates maintained by high reinforcement rates, and the parameter changes supported the interpretation that at higher doses amphetamine produced counteracting changes in reinforcement efficacy and response topography: reinforcement efficacy decreased, whereas response topography changed so as to increase response rates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00428406
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of monoamine oxidase inhibitors on performance during differential reinforcement of low response rate (1982)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 78 (1982), S. 214-218 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Monoamine oxidase inhibitors ; Antidepressant drugs ; Operant behavior
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effects of three monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOI) on performance under a differential-reinforcement-of-low-rate 72-s schedule (DRL 72-s) for water reinforcement were determined. All three drugs (isocarboxazid, iproniazid, phenelzine) reduced response rate and increased reinforcement rate in rats performing under the DRL schedule. Drugs from other classes (alcohol, chlordiazepoxide, morphine, pentobarbital) did not produce similar effects. The ability of MAOI to increase reinforcement rate under a DRL 72-s schedule is similar to that recently reported for tricyclic antidepressants and the two atypical antidepressants mianserin and iprindole. These findings support the contention that the DRL schedule may be useful as a test for identifying new antidepressants and for elucidating the neurochemical effects of antidepressants that are responsible for their therapeutic actions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00428153
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Selective inhibition of MAO-A, not MAO-B, results in antidepressant-like effects on DRL 72-s behavior (1988)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 96 (1988), S. 153-160 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Monoamine oxidase inhibitors ; Antidepressant drugs ; Operant behavior ; MAO-A ; MAO-B ; Clorgyline ; (−)-deprenyl
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effects of monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) that selectively inhibit the MAO-A or MAO-B forms of MAO were studied in rats performing under a differential-reinforcement-of-low-rate 72-s (DRL 72-s) schedule of reinforcement. Clorgyline and CGP11′305A, irreversible and reversible MAO-A inhibitors, respectively, increased the reinforcement rate, decreased the response rate, and enhanced temporal discrimination. The irreversible MAO-B inhibitor (−)-deprenyl did not produce similar effects. Pargyline did not increase the reinforcement rate at low doses that selectively inhibit MAO-B, but did increase the reinforcement rate at doses that inhibit MAO-A by more than 90%. The present results are in accord with clinical data demonstrating that MAO-A inhibitors are effective therapeutic agents in treating depression while MAO-B inhibitors are of questionable antidepressant efficacy. The present findings provide further evidence that the DRL 72-s schedule may be useful both as a screen for identifying new antidepressants and for investigating the neurochemical effects of antidepressant drugs that are responsible for their therapeutic effects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00177554
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chlorpromazine and pimozide alter reinforcement efficacy and motor performance (1986)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 88 (1986), S. 346-353 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Chlorpromazine ; Pimozide ; Response rate ; Reinforcement efficacy ; Motor performance ; Matching law ; Variable-interval schedule ; Lever press ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This study evaluated the effects of chlorpromazine and pimozide on reinforced responding. In each session, rats were exposed to a series of five variable-interval reinforcement schedules. The response requirement was a lever press, the reward was a small portion of water, and the reinforcement rate varied from about 20 to 660 reinforcers per hour. Response rate was a negatively accelerated function of reinforcement rate, and the relationship between the two variables was described by the equation for a rectangular hyperbola (the matching law). One parameter of the hyperbola is equivalent to the asymptotic response rate and the other parameter is equivalent to the rate of reinforcement that maintains a one-half asymptotic response rate. Chlorpromazine (0.75–3.0 mg/kg) and pimozide (0.1–0.4 mg/kg) dose-dependently decreased response rates. At low doses, the response rate decreases were, for the most part, restricted to the low reinforcement rate schedules. In contrast, the highest dose tested decreased response rates at both low and high reinforcement rates. The patterns of response rate decreases resulted in dose-dependent changes in the parameters of the matching law equation. The shifts in the matching law parameters were discussed in terms of the motoric and motivational interpretations of neuroleptic-induced response rate changes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00180837
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amphetamine analogs have differential effects on DRL 36-s schedule performance (1995)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 121 (1995), S. 57-65 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Operant behavior ; Amphetamine ; Methamphetamine ; Methylenedioxymethamphetamine ; Fenfluramine ; Parachloroamphetamine ; Dopamine ; Serotonin ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Amphetamine and related compounds have previously been shown to differentially release dopamine (DA) and serotonin (5HT) in vivo and in vitro. The purpose of this report is directly to compare five amphetamine analogs on differential reinforcement of low rate 36-s (DRL 36-s) schedule performance, and to determine whether the reported increases in dopamine and/or serotonin release induced by these drugs can be related to observed behavioral differences. Amphetamine (AMPH) and methamphetamine (METH) induced large increases in response rate, methylene-dioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and para-chloroamphetamine (PCA) caused small increases in response rate, while fenfluramine (FEN) had no effect on response rate. AMPH, METH, PCA and MDMA caused a dose-dependent decrease in reinforcement rate, and FEN had no effect on reinforcement rate. AMPH, METH, and PCA but not FEN, shifted the peak of the inter-response time (IRT) distribution toward shorter intervals, MDMA decreased peak location only at the highest dose. All five drugs caused a dose-dependent decrease in peak area, indicating a loss of schedule control on the DRL 36-s schedule. Consistent with in vitro and in vivo release studies, the differential results of these five drugs on DRL 36-s schedule performance suggest a predominant dopamine role for AMPH and METH, a predominant serotonin role for FEN, and different degrees of combined dopaminergic and serotonergic roles for MDMA and PCA in the mediation of the task.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02245591
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...