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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nitrification and nitrifying potential of tropical and subtropical soils (1993)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 15 (1993), S. 87-90 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Nitrification ; Tropical soil ; Subtropical soil ; Nitrifying population
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Nitrification was measured in five different soils (slate alluvial soil, sandstone shale alluvial soil, sandstone shale and slate alluvial soil, red soil, and Taiwan clay). In these soils different lag periods were recorded before the onset of nitrification. Nitrifying activity was highest in sandstone shale alluvial soil and the lowest in acidic red soil. A part from those in the red soil, the numbers of nitrifying bacteria detected were all higher than numbers reported in temperate soils. However, there were no clear relationships between the numbers of nitrifying bacteria and the rate of nitrification in these soils. When soil cores were incubated for 3 weeks, no NO inf2 sup- or NO inf3 sup- was defected in the slate alluvial soil. This was ascribed to denitrification.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00336423
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nitrogen transformations in tropical soils under conventional and sustainable farming systems (1996)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 21 (1996), S. 252-256 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Nitrification ; Tropical soil ; Sustainable farming ; Nitrifier population ; Management practices ; Crop rotation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Samples of alluvial soil from mixed sandstone shale and slate and of Taiwan clay were collected from two sites, both managed under a similar crop rotation scheme. The fields were further divided into sections which were managed under either conventional farming or sustainable farming practices. When the soil samples were collected in April 1989, after 1 year of operation under conventional or sustainable practices, the nitrification activities of both soils managed under sustainable practices practices. The nitrifying activities in Taiwan clay samples collected in April 1993 which had been managed with chemical or with organic fertilizer were not significantly different. However, nitrifying activity in the alluvial soil was higher under sustainable than under conventional practices. Numbers of NH 4 + -oxidizing bacteria were not significantly different in any of the soil samples irrespective of the different management practices. In contrast, higher numbers of NO 2 - -oxidizing bacteria were detected in both soils managed sustainably. The results also indicated that the composition of NH 4 + -oxidizing bacteria differed in the alluvial soil when managed with different kinds of fertilizer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00334900
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Induction and suppression of renal and hepatic cytochrome P450-dependent monooxygenases by acute and chronic streptozotocin diabetes in hamsters (1996)
    Springer
    Archives of toxicology 70 (1996), S. 202-208 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Keywords: Key words Diabetes ; Cytochrome P450 ; Monooxygenase ; Hamster ; Streptozotocin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The acute and chronic effects of streptozotocin diabetes on kidney and liver microsomal monooxygenases were studied using hamsters 2 days and 6 weeks following treatment with the diabetogen, respectively. Acute diabetes increased aniline hydroxylation and N-nitrosodimethylamine demethylation, decreased pentoxyresorufin O-dealkylation, without affecting benzo(a)pyrene hydroxylation and 7-ethoxycoumarin O-deethylation in kidney and liver microsomes. The effects of chronic diabetes on the microsomal monooxygenases were similar to the effects of acute diabetes, except that the chronic diabetic condition markedly decreased benzo(a)pyrene and 7-ethoxycoumarin oxidations in kidney microsomes. Total cytochrome P450 content and NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase activity in kidney and liver microsomes of the diabetic hamsters were similar to the controls. Gel electrophoresis of microsomes from control and streptozoptocin treated hamster tissues revealed that diabetes enhanced the intensity of protein band(s) in the P450 molecular weight region. Immunoblotting of microsomal proteins showed that acute and chronic streptozotocin diabetes induced proteins immunorelated to P450s 2E1 and 1A in kidney and liver. In marked contrast, the acute and chronic diabetic conditions decreased the level of a P450 2B-immunorelated protein(s) in kidney and liver. The present study demonstrates that acute and chronic streptozotocin diabetes has the ability to induce P450 2E1 and 1A and suppress P450 2B in hamster kidney and liver and that the hamster monooxygenase responds to diabetes differently from the rat enzyme.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002040050261
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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