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  • Morphogenetic substances  (3)
  • Satellite DNA  (2)
  • evolutionary algorithms  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of intelligent manufacturing 9 (1998), S. 289-294 
    ISSN: 1572-8145
    Keywords: Manufacturing process chain ; modelling ; optimization ; neural networks ; evolutionary algorithms
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Today's manufacturing methods are caught between the growing need for quality, high process safety, minimal manufacturing costs, and short manufacturing times. In order to meet these demands, process setting parameters have to be chosen in the best possible way, according to demand on quality. For such optimization it is necessary to represent the processes in a model. Due to the enormous complexity of many processes and the high number of influencing parameters, however, conventional approaches to modelling and optimization are no longer sufficient. In this article it is shown how, by means of applying neural networks for process modelling, even these highly complex interdependencies can be learned. That way both process and quality parameters can be assessed before or during processing. By connecting them with corresponding cost models, it is possible to optimize processes with the help of evolutionary algorithms. Using examples of different manufacturing processes, the possi bilities for process modelling and optimization with neural networks and evolutionary algorithms are demonstrated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of intelligent manufacturing 9 (1998), S. 331-338 
    ISSN: 1572-8145
    Keywords: Simulation ; modelling ; machine learning ; evolutionary algorithms ; artificial neural network
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The use of simulation technology as a tool for planning and control is of increasing significance in most fields of production. The main part of the expenditure concerning simulation analyses is the modelling of the considered production. Despite the use of modern building-block-oriented modelling technology, this modelling can often not be done by the user, but only by external experts. Against this backdrop, an adaptive simulation system is being developed by the Institute for Industrial Manufacturing and Management (IFF) at the University of Stuttgart. It independently adapts to real production processes, i.e. it learns about the interdependencies of production processes, and, in this way, supports the user in constructing and maintaining the model. In terms of information technology, the research in the field of artificial intelligence, especially in the subdomain of machine learning, is the basis for the realization of such adaptive systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 183 (1977), S. 193-206 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Hydra mutant ; Morphogenetic substances ; Head formation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A mutant ofHydra attenuata is analysed, theaberrant, which is distinct from the wild type in having a smaller head with fewer tentacles and only half the number of head-specific cells. The rate of head and foot regeneration and the doubling time are slower inaberrants than in normal hydra. The lower head-forming potential is paralleled by a reduced concentration of head-specific morphogens: compared to the wild type, in theaberrant the concentration of head activator is reduced to 70% in the head and to 50% in the body, the concentration of head inhibitor is reduced to 50% in the head and to 80% in the body. Theaberrant is more sensitive (3 times) to added head activator and less sensitive (〉5 times) to added head inhibitor than the wild type. The slower rate of foot regeneration is paralleled by a lower content of foot-specific morphogens: compared to the wild type, in theaberrant the foot activator is reduced to 40% and the foot inhibitor to 70%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 183 (1977), S. 207-214 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Hydra mutant ; Morphogenetic substances ; Bud formation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Non-budding mutants ofChlorohydra viridissima regenerate heads 6 h faster thanHydra attenuata and the number of tentacles per head is higher. The polarity in pieces from the gastric region is the more labile, the smaller the pieces are. In regenerates heads and tentacles form much more frequently than feet, giving rise to bipolar or multiheaded structures. Buds very seldom form under normal conditions, but they occasionally occur in regenerating animals with two cut surfaces. The higher head-forming potential in the mutant is paralleled by a higher head-activator concentration (20-fold in head, 4-fold in body), than inHydra attenuata, which is not accompanied by an equivalent increase in head-inhibitor concentration (1.4-fold in head, 2-fold in body). The foot-activator concentration is slightly reduced (1.3-fold), the foot-inhibitor concentration is higher (1.6-fold) than inH. attenuata. The mutant is extremely insensitive to head activator, relatively insensitive to head inhibitor and foot inhibitor, but sensitive to foot activator.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 183 (1977), S. 215-222 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Hydra mutants ; Morphogenetic substances ; Size regulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Minis have a doubling time of 2.4 days,maxis of 8 days.Minis regenerate head and foot 5 h faster thanmaxis.Minis have fewer tentacles (4.6) per head thanmaxis (6.1). Inmini the concentration of the head activator is equal to that inHydraattenuata, but the concentration of the head inhibitor is reduced (2-fold in the head, 1.2-fold in the body). The concentrations of the foot factors are normal.Minis respond likeHydra attenuata to head activator, foot activator and foot inhibitor, but they are less sensitive to head inhibitor Inmaxi the concentration of the head activator is higher than inmini (5-fold in the head, 10-fold in the body) and that of the head inhibitor is also higher (4-fold in the head, 5-fold in the body). The concentration of the foot inhibitor is normal, that of the foot activator is doubled.Maxis are insensitive to added head activator and less sensitive to added head inhibitor and foot inhibitor. Their response to foot activator is normal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 82 (1991), S. 793-799 
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: B. vulgaris ; Wild beet ; Satellite DNA ; Genome organization ; Sequence analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary EcoRI monomers of a highly repetitive DNA family of Beta vulgaris have been cloned. Sequence analysis revealed that the repeat length varies between 157–160 bp. The percentage of AT-residues is 62% on average. The basic repeat does not show significant homology to the BamHI sequence family of B. vulgaris that was analyzed by us earlier. Both the EcoRI and BamHI sequences are investigated and compared to each other with respect to their genomic organization in the genus Beta. Both repeats were found to be tandemly arranged in the genome of B. vulgaris in a satellite-like manner. The EcoRI satellite DNA is present in three sections (Beta, Corollinae and Nanae) of the genus, whereas the BamHI satellite DNA exists only in the section Beta. The distribution of the EcoRI and BamHI satellite families in the genus is discussed with respect to their evolution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 244 (1994), S. 420-425 
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Pennisetum glaucum ; Satellite DNA ; In situ hybridization ; Centromeric heterochromatin ; Methylation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A HaeIIl monomer of a repetitive DNA family from Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br. cv. Massue has been cloned and characterized. The repeat is 137 bp long and is organized in head-to-tail orientation in tandem arrays. The HaeIII monomer contains 55% A+T residues. The distribution of this highly repetitive sequence in different Pennisetum species and in other cereals was investigated. The HaeIII satellite is present in all Pennisetum species investigated but absent from other genera examined. In situ hybridization revealed a centromeric localization of this sequence on all seven chromosome pairs and indicated chromosome-specific differences in copy number. Methylation was investigated by comparative restriction enzyme analysis (Msp/HpaII) which showed a greater extent of methylation of the internal C of the enzyme recognition site 5′-CCGG. A South-Western analysis, using an anti-methylcytosine antibody to examine the methylation status in P. glaucum confirmed that the sequence is not highly methylated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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