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  • 1
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Moyamoya disease ; surgical treatment ; cases refractory to EDAS ; operative techniques of the second operation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Three cases of Moyamoya disease successfully treated by reoperation are reported with special reference to the operative techniques in the second operation. These children first underwent encephalo-duro-arterio-synangiosis (EDAS). Because two of the three postoperative collateral formations through EDAS were either poor or not present at all and their symptoms remained. Encephalo-myosynangiosis (EMS) was later added in the posterior frontal and/or parietal regions of the same side as the former EDAS. In the remaining one, the collaterals through EDAS were well formed but transient ischaemic attack (TIA) persisted in the lower limb. The collateral to the middle cerebral arterial (MCA) distribution, even though seemingly well formed, was not sufficient to obtain a complete subsidence of the symptoms. In this case encephalo-myo-arteriosynangiosis (EMAS) was later added to the antero-medial frontal region of the same side as the EDAS to form collaterals to the anterior cerebral arterial (ACA) distribution. In all three cases the angiograms after the second operation showed good formation of collaterals, and the symptoms subsided. The causes of poor collateral formation through EDAS and operative techniques for the additional operation for those cases refractory to EDAS are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Moyamoya disease ; paediatric case ; surgical treatment ; indirect non-anastomotic EC-IC bypass
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Surgical results of paediatric patients with Moyamoya disease who were treated by indirect revascularization procedures are reported. Encephalo-duro-arterio-synangiosis (EDAS), encephalomyo-arterio-synangiosis (EMAS), and/or encephalo-myo-synangiosis (EMS) were performed on 47 sides of 29 children with Moyamoya disease. The results of those non-anastomotic EC-IC bypass procedures were evaluated clinically, angiographically, and by computed tomography (CT). Postoperative external carotid angiograms showed a good collateral formation through EDAS, EMAS, or EMS in about 70–80 percent of all surgically treated sides. The symptoms such as TIA, RIND, and/or involuntary movements disappeared in the cases with a good collateral formation but not in those with insufficient development of the collateral circulation. The indirect EC-IC bypass surgery seems effective for most of the children with Moyamoya disease who present with ischaemic signs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Medical & biological engineering & computing 28 (1990), S. 379-383 
    ISSN: 1741-0444
    Keywords: Electromyography ; Muscular fatigue ; Upper limb
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Medical & biological engineering & computing 28 (1990), S. 374-378 
    ISSN: 1741-0444
    Keywords: Electromyography ; Muscular fatigue ; Power spectrum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The shift in the power spectrum resulting from a 5–7 min fatigue-inducing effort followed by a 1–2 min recovery period of two elbow flexors, the biceps brachii (BB) and the brachio-radialis (BR), was assessed using two variables, the mean frequency Fm and the median or central frequency Fmd. These two variables were calculated in pre- and post-fatigue conditions and following a brief recovery, at four levels, namely 20, 40, 60 and 80 per cent of maximum voluntary contraction (MVC). These were taken from a ramped isometric effort that is from 0 to 100 per cent MVC. The EMG activity of the two flexors was recorded with bipolar surface electrodes from a group of ten volunteers. Following muscle fatigue, induced with a maintained 60 per cent MVC isometric contraction, a statistically significant (p〈0·05) shift towards the lower frequencies was observed for both Fm and Fmd for both muscles. Following a brief recovery, a shift towards the pre-fatigue higher frequencies was statistically significant (p〈0·05). These two synergists responded to muscle fatigue and recovery similarly, as they both demonstrated parallel shifts in power spectrum. The power spectrum is consequently a reliable measure of muscular fatigue. It is also complementary to the net articular moment results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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