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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Use of RFLP markers to search for alleles in a maize population for improvement of an elite hybrid (1992)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 83 (1992), S. 903-911 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Zea mays L. ; RFLPs ; Quantitative traits ; Favorable alleles ; Epistasis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Molecular markers can be used to detect alleles in donor genetic material for improvement of existing cultivars or hybrids. DNA restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) were used as markers to search for favorable alleles at quantitative trait loci in the maize (Zea mays L.) population BS11(FR)C7 which were not in the hybrid ‘FRB73 x FRMo17.’ Thirty-four RFLP markers were used to determine RFLP ‘fingerprints’ for 220 [BS11(FR)C7 x FRMo17] F2 individuals; multiple morphs (bands) were observed at most markers. Statistical associations between RFLPs and trait expression in F2 x FRB73 progeny were found for grain yield, stalk and root lodging, plant and ear height, maturity, and seven grain yield component traits. Associations were found using linear contrasts among RFLP marker classes to estimate trait effects. Estimated effects for grain yield ranged from 213 to 538 kg ha-1, 3.0–7.5% of the experimental mean, respectively. RFLP markers with greatest probability of association with grain yield were NPI234 (short arm of chromosome 1) and UMC16 (long arm of chromosome 3). Digenic epistasis appeared to be important in grain yield expression, as indicated by a 12% increase in the proportion of genotypic variation accounted for when significant di-marker interactions were added to a linear model, including all markers individually associated with grain yield. The majority of interactions associated with grain yield involved markers NPI234 and UMC21 (long arm of chromosome 6). Many RFLP markers were associated with multiple traits. At some markers, the same bands were associated with favorable effects for stalk lodging, grain yield, and yield components. RFLP bands unique to BS11(FR)C7 showed associations favorable over those from FRMo17 for at least one marker in all but one trait. The results of this study will be useful in future RFLP marker-assisted selection programs aimed at developing lines for improved performance in combination with FRB73.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00226714
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rice protein mutant expressed in liquid suspension cultures: chitinases, β-glucanases and other proteins (1992)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 84 (1992), S. 26-32 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Lysine ; Rice ; Mutant ; Protein ; β-glucanases
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A rice mutant with unique protein expression/ transport properties has been established as cells in liquid suspension and partially characterized. Mutants were originally recovered from anther calli grown for three cycles at inhibitory levels of lysine + threonine and one cycle of S-(2-aminoethyl)cysteine. Cell suspension cultures were started from high lysine-containing seeds regenerated from the inhibitor selections. Cultures of the mutant produce 2 times as much protein per unit weight as is produced by the control. Significant portions of the proteins are exported from the cells into the surrounding medium. The mutant also has 20% greater lysine content in the exported protein than the control. This cell suspension line should be particularly useful for biochemical and molecular studies on protein synthesis and processing phenomena in cereals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00223977
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative trait loci influencing protein and starch concentration in the Illinois Long Term Selection maize strains (1993)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 87 (1993), S. 217-224 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) ; Mapping ; Illinois Long Term Selection Experiment ; Quantitative trait loci (QTL) ; Protein ; Starch ; Zea mays L.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A study was initiated to determine the number, chromosomal location, and magnitude of effect of QTL (quantitative trait loci or locus depending on context) controlling protein and starch concentration in the maize (Zea mays L.) kernel. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis was performed on 100 F3 families derived from a cross of two strains, Illinois High Protein (IHP), X Illinois Low Protein (ILP), which had been divergently selected for protein concentration for 76 generations as part of the Illinois Long Term Selection Experiment. These families were analyzed for kernel protein and starch in replicated field trials during 1990 and 1991. A series of 90 genomic and cDNA clones distributed throughout the maize genome were chosen for their ability to detect RFLP between IHP and ILP. These clones were hybridized with DNA extracted from the 100 F3 families, revealing 100 polymorphic loci. Single factor analysis of variance revealed significant QTL associations of many loci with both protein and starch concentration (P 〈 0.05 level). Twenty-two loci distributed on 10 chromosome arms were significantly associated with protein concentration, 19 loci on 9 chromosome arms were significantly associated with starch concentration. Sixteen of these loci were significant for both protein and starch concentration. Clusters of 3 or more significant loci were detected on chromosome arms 3L, 5S, and 7L for protein concentration, suggesting the presence of QTL with large effects at these locations. A QTL with large additive effects on protein and starch concentration was detected on chromosome arm 3L. RFLP alleles at this QTL were found to be linked with RFLP alleles at the Shrunken-2 (Sh2) locus, a structural gene encoding the major subunit of the starch synthetic enzyme ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase. A multiple linear regression model consisting of 6 significant RFLP loci on different chromosomes explained over 64 % of the total variation for kernel protein concentration. Similar results were detected for starch concentration. Thus, several chromosomal regions with large effects may be responsible for a significant portion of the changes in kernel protein and starch concentration in the Illinois Long Term Selection Experiment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00223767
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Export of β-1,3-glucanase from mutant rice cells rechallenged and stressed with lysine plus threonine (1996)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 92 (1996), S. 255-262 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Rice ; β-1,3 glucanases ; Mutant ; Protein export ; Extracellular ; Cell culture ; Stress ; Pathogenesis-related
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Mutant rice cells (Oryza sativa L.) grown in liquid suspension cultures exported greater quantities of protein and β-glucanases than controls. These mutants were isolated from anther calli resistant to 1 mM lysine plus threonine (LT), regenerated and reestablished as cell suspension cultures from seeds. Cellular protein levels are genetically conditioned, and the levels of extracellular proteins and enzyme activities are inversely related to that of the cellular portions. The rechallenge of cells with 1 mM LT inhibited the expression of both β-1,3-glucanases and β-1,4-glucosidases but had no significant effect upon the levels of chitinase activity. Mutant cells were more sensitive than controls to stress caused by exogenous LT. In general, under exogenous LT stress the mutant/control ratio for extracellular glucanases increased as the assay conditions were changed from a basic to an acidic pH. The specific activity of βglucanases was highest in media and lowest in cells. Both the mutant and control cells exported β-glucanases into the suspension medium, but the level of activity in media was greater in that in which the mutant was suspended. The export was probably modulated by the internal protein levels which were highest in mutant cells without LT. Seedlings from mutants with enhanced lysine also had enhanced acidic β-glucanase activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00223382
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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