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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spontaneous central nervous system remyelination in strain A mice after infection with the Daniel’s (DA) strain of Theiler’s virus (1996)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 91 (1996), S. 559-565 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Demyelination ; Myelin repair ; Oligodendrocyte ; Multiple sclerosis ; Major ; histocompatibility complex
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Intracerebral infection of susceptible SJL/J (H-2s) mice with the Daniel’s strain of Theiler’s murine encephalomyelitis virus produces chronic, progressive, inflammatory central nervous system demyelination, with minimal spontaneous remyelination. To assess the role of host genetic factors in spontaneous myelin repair following chronic infection with the Daniel’s strain of Theiler’s virus, we examined demyelination and spontaneous remyelination in strain A mice after infection with Theiler’s virus. We found that A.BY/SnJ (H-2b) mice were resistant to Theiler’s virus-induced demyelination, whereas A/J (H-2a), A/WySnJ (H-2a), and A.SW/SnJ (H-2s) mice all developed chronic demyelination with substantial spontaneous remyelination 90 days after infection. In the spinal cords of both A/J and A/WySnJ mice, one quarter of the total lesion area showed spontaneous remyelination, whereas in A.SW/SnJ mice, the extent of remyelination increased to two thirds of the total lesion area. The spontaneous remyelination seen in strain A mice was consistent with myelin repair by oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells, and occurred despite the presence of persistent virus antigen. These results indicate that host-pathogen interactions play an important role in myelin regeneration after virus-induced demyelination, and suggest that host genetic factors influence spontaneous remyelination.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004010050467
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Chiral Glycine Enolate Derivative from 1-Benzoyl-2-(tert-butyl)-3-methyl-1,3-imidazolidin-4-one is Alkylated in the 5-Position with Relative Topicity lk. Preliminary Communication (1985)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 68 (1985), S. 949-952 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: An overall enantioselective substitution of the R-group of an α-hydroxy- or α-amino acid 1 [R—CH(XH)COOH] by another R-group is possible through heterocycles 2 obtained from 1 with pivaladehyde (1 → 7). The rac- and the (S)-(+)-heterocycles 8 (title compounds of type 5) are prepared from glycine and O-benzyl-(S)-serine, respectively. Their enolates (cf. 9, type 6) are alkylated with iodomethane, iodobutane, 2-iodopropane, benzyl bromide, and acetone to give the trans-disubstituted imidazolidinones 10 with ≥ 95% diastereoselectivity. The configuration of the products is established by chemical correlation with alanine, phenylalanine, and valine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19850680418
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Addition of Chiral Glycine, Methionine, and Vinylglycine Enolate Derivatives to Aldehydes and Ketones in the Preparation of Enantiomerically Pure α-Amino-β-Hydroxy Acids (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 70 (1987), S. 237-261 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Chiral enolates of imidazolidinones and oxazolidinones from the title amino acids react with carbonyl compounds to afford the corresponding alcohols in excellent yields (see Scheme 5). Furthermore, the addition to aldehydes proceeds with high diastereoselectivity to give, after acid hydrolysis, threo-α-amino-β-hydroxy acids of high enantiomeric purity. Some of the threo-α-amino-β-hydroxy acids prepared in this work are the proteinogenic (S)-threonine (26), the naturally occurring (S)-3-phenylserine (28), and (S)-3-hydroxyleucine (27) as well as the unnatural (S)-4,4,4-trifluorothreonine (30) and (S)-3-(4-pyridyl)serine (31). The N-methylamide of (2S,3R,4R,6E)-3-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-(methylamino)-6-octenoic acid (32), the unique amino acid in the immunosuppressive cyclosporine, was prepared by the new method. This report presents also information suggesting that both steric and stereoelectronic effects are responsible for the good stereoselectivities observed.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19870700129
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spontaneous and induced remyelination in multiple sclerosis and the theiler's virus model of central nervous system demyelination (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Microscopy Research and Technique 32 (1995), S. 230-245 
    Details
    ISSN: 1059-910X
    Keywords: Myelin ; Oligodendrocyte ; Schwann cell ; Picornavirus ; Immunoglobulin ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: Remyelination in the central nervous system, originally thought to occur rarely, if ever, is now an established phenomena in multiple sclerosis patients. However, the extent of myelin repair is incomplete and limited. Experimental models of central nervous system demyelination provide an opportunity to study the cellular and molecular events involved in remyelination. These models may provide some clue to why remyelination in multiple sclerosis is incomplete as well as suggest potential methods to stimulate central nervous system repair. In this review we examine the morphological aspects of central nervous system remyelination and discuss both spontaneous and induced remyelination in multiple sclerosis and experimental models of central nervous system demyelination. We give special emphasis to the Theiler's virus model of central nervous system demyelination and its usefulness to identify therapeutic agents to promote remyelination. The role of immunoglobulins in promoting remyelination in both the Theiler's model system and in multiple sclerosis is discussed. Finally, we examine the potential physiological role of demyelination and remyelination and its relationship with clinical manifestations of central nervous system disease. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jemt.1070320306
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