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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reinstatement of heroin self-administration habits: morphine prompts and naltrexone discourages renewed responding after extinction (1992)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 108 (1992), S. 79-84 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Opioids ; Self-administration ; Reinstatement ; Proponent process ; Opponent process ; Naltrexon ; Relapse
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effects of morphine, naltrexone, and nalorphine were studied in rats trained to lever-press for intravenous heroin and then tested under conditions of non-reinforcement. Animals were reinforced for lever-pressing on a continuous reinforcement schedule (100 µg/kg per infusion) for 2–3 h each day following which reinforcement was terminated and animals were studied under extinction conditions for the remainder of the session. Each day following the termination of responding under extinction conditions, animals were given a single injection of saline, morphine, nalorphine, or naltrexone; lever-pressing under the extinction conditions was then observed for several hours. When animals adapted to this regimen, very low levels of responding were seen following saline injections; morphine (2 or 10 mg/kg) reinstated vigorous responding that lasted 1–4 h. Naltrexone (2 mg/kg) suppressed responding below the levels seen after saline, and nalorphine (10 mg/kg) had the same effect as saline. These observations support the view that opioid-seeking behavior is primed by the proponent or opioid-like actions of opioids and not by the opponent or drug-opposite effects associated with opioid withdrawal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02245289
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Temporal factors in the effect of restraint stress on morphine-induced behavioral sensitization in the rat (1995)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 117 (1995), S. 102-109 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Conditioning ; Locomotor activity ; Morphine ; Mesocorticolimbic dopamine system ; Opioids ; Stress ; Ventral tegmental area
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The role of associative factors in the effect of 15 min/day of restraint stress on morphine-induced behavioral sensitization was examined. Male rats were initially given seven systemic (10 µg/kg, IP) or intraventral tegmental area (VTA, 5 mg/side) injections of morphine, and were exposed to restraint, either just prior to drug injection (Paired-Stress) or 24 h after injection (Unpaired-Stress), or to no restraint (Control). In subsequent tests for behavioral sensitization to low doses of morphine (0.75 or 3.0mg/kg, IP), animals in the Paired-Stress condition were more active than animals in the Unpaired-Stress or Control conditions. These results indicate that temporal and possibly associative factors may contribute to stress-induced changes in sensitization to the behavioral activating effects of opioids.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02245104
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The kappa-opioid U-50,488H suppresses the initiation of nocturnal spontaneous drinking in normally hydrated rats (1992)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 106 (1992), S. 463-473 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: U-50,488H ; Kappa-agonists ; Kappa-receptors ; Opioids ; Drinking ; Feeding ; Satiety ; Motivation ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effect of a systemic (IP) treatment with 1.0, 3.0 and 9.0 mg/kg U-50,488H (U50), a highly selective kappa-agonist, on spontaneous, nocturnal ingestive behavior of the rat was studied using a microcomputer controlled data acquisition system. The latency to initiate drinking was increased and drinking behavior was suppressed in the first hour after injection in a dose-dependent manner. The consummatory indices of drinking were not affected. After this period of adipsia, a phase of polydipsia, that was probably due to the diuretic effect of U50, was evident. The prophagic effect of U50 was evident only at the dose of 3 mg/kg and was accompanied by an increased duration of feeding episodes but not by a reduced latency to feed. These results suggest that kappa-receptors play a pivotal role in modulating spontaneous drinking in the normally hydrated rat and that this control is mainly exerted on the motivational aspect of drinking.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02244816
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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