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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Salivary insulin concentrations in Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetic patients and obese non-diabetic subjects: Relationship to changes in plasma insulin levels after an oral glucose load (1986)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 29 (1986), S. 695-698 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Salivary insulin ; obese subjects ; Type 2 diabetic patients
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The presence of immunoreactive insulin in saliva and its relationship to plasma immunoreactive insulin was investigated in healthy subjects, newly diagnosed non-obese Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetic patients and obese non-diabetic subjects, basally and after an oral glucose tolerance test. The mean ± SEM fasting values of plasma and salivary immunoreactive insulin were significantly higher in diabetic patients and obese non-diabetic subjects than in normal volunteers (p〈0.05). During the glucose challenge, the increase of salivary insulin was related with that of plasma in the three groups of subjects, with a time lag in normal and obese subjects. In normal volunteers, plasma and salivary peak values were respectively 49.5 ± 13.4 μU/ml (p〈0.05 vs obese subjects) at 60 min and 12.0±3.3μU/min (p〈0.05 vs obese subjects) at 120 min; in diabetic patients, the values were 51.7 ± 5.6 μU/ml (p〈0.05 vs obese subjects) and 14.6±4.1 μU/min at 120 min; in obese subjects, the peak value for plasma insulin was 111.5±40.1 μU/ml at 90 min and for salivary insulin 15.6 ± 5.1 μU/min at 120 min. A positive linear relationship was shown between plasma and salivary insulin during the oral glucose tolerance test. The identity of salivary insulin was assessed by reversed-phase HPLC. We conclude that salivary immunoreactive insulin can be found in Type 2 diabetic patients and in obese non-diabetic subjects, as well as normal volunteers, that plasma and salivary insulin are related after a glucose load, and that differences exist in salivary insulin secretion patterns among the three groups of subjects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00870278
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lymphokine release during co-culture of human lympho-mononuclear cells and fresh or cultured human, porcine and bovine pancreatic islets (1996)
    Springer
    Acta diabetologica 33 (1996), S. 122-125 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-5233
    Keywords: Key words  Lymphokines ; Pancreatic islets
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract   In this study we evaluated whether isolated human (HI), porcine (PI) and bovine (BI) islets, either fresh (Fr) or cultured for 4 weeks (4w) affect cytokine release from human lymphomononuclear cells (LMC) differently. We prepared LMC from peripheral blood by density gradient purification and co-cultured 1×106 LMC for 24 h with 100 hand-picked islets, either within 48 h of isolation or after culture for 4 weeks. Soluble interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R), interferon-gamma (IFN), interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) were measured by sandwich enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay. Compared with controls (Ctrl, LMC without islets), Fr-HI, Fr-PI and Fr-BI caused a similar increase of IL-2R and IFN release, whereas 4w-HI and 4w-BI did not lead to any significant production of these two cytokines. IL-10 concentrations increased with Fr-PI and Fr-BI, but not with Fr-HI, and no major effect of the 4-week culture was seen. IL-4 levels were below the detection limit of the method used in these experiments. Thus, fresh allo- and xeno-islets caused a similar increase of the release of cytokines known to be markers of Th1 activation, whereas the release of IL-10, a marker of Th2 activation, increased with xeno-, but not with allo-islets; culturing the islets for 4 weeks decreased Th1, but not Th2 activation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00569422
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lymphokine release during co-culture of human lympho-mononuclear cells and fresh or cultured human, porcine and bovine pancreatic islets (1996)
    Springer
    Acta diabetologica 33 (1996), S. 122-125 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-5233
    Keywords: Lymphokines ; Pancreatic islets
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In this study we evaluated whether isolated human (HI), porcine (PI) and bovine (BI) islets, either fresh (Fr) or cultured for 4 weeks (4w) affect cytokine release from human lymphomononuclear cells (LMC) differently. We prepared LMC from peripheral blood by density gradient purification and co-cultured 1×106 LMC for 24 h with 100 hand-picked islets, either within 48 h of isolation or after culture for 4 weeks. Soluble interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R), interferon-gamma (IFN), interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) were measured by sandwich enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay. Compared with controls (Ctrl, LMC without islets), Fr-HI, Fr-PI and Fr-BI caused a similar increase of IL-2R and IFN release, whereas 4w-HI and 4w-BI did not lead to any significant production of these two cytokines. IL-10 concentrations increased with Fr-PI and Fr-BI, but not with Fr-HI, and no major effect of the 4-week culture was seen. IL-4 levels were below the detection limit of the method used in these experiments. Thus, fresh allo- and xeno-islets caused a similar increase of the release of cytokines known to be markers of Th1 activation, whereas the release of IL-10, a marker of Th2 activation, increased with xeno-, but not with allo-islets; culturing the islets for 4 weeks decreased Th1, but not Th2 activation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00569422
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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