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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structural analysis of certain linear operators representing chemical network systems via the existence and uniqueness theorems of spectral resolution. IV (1998)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 67 (1998), S. 57-69 
    Details
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: linear operator ; *-algebra ; general topology ; asymptotic analysis ; chemical network systems ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Part IV of this series consists of two complementary subparts devoted to attain the following two goals: (i) By shifting from the previous setting of the Banach algebra B(B)=B(B, B) to a broader setting of the space B(X, B) of all bounded linear operators from a normed space X to a Banach space B, we extend our previous theoretical framework to incorporate part of the theory of additive correlation involving the Asymptotic Linearity Theorems, which have been developed for a study of correlation between structure and properties in molecules having many identical moieties, especially in macromolecules having repeating units. (ii) By reverting our focus to the special algebra B(H) with H being a Hilbert space, we develop a theorem which is useful for a structural analysis of spectral symmetry of linear operators representing physico-chemical network systems.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 67: 57-69, 1998
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structural analysis of certain linear operators representing chemical network systems via the existence and uniqueness theorems of spectral resolution. III (1997)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 63 (1997), S. 149-163 
    Details
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: linear operator ; banach algebra ; general topology ; asymptotic analysis ; chemical network systems ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: By extending the methodology given in Parts I and II of this series of articles, certain dynamical systems of chemical kinetic equations are analyzed in the setting of the Banach algebra B(B) of all bounded operators acting on a Banach space B. In this article, we proceed from the general setting of B(B), which played a central role in Part II, toward its specific application to the dynamical systems. In our analysis, crucial initial steps are taken by (i) equipping the abstract space B with the “positive quadrant,” which we denote by Γ(∝+n), and by (ii) investigating the asymptotic behavior of the solution χε(t) of the initial-value problem $dx(t)/dt = Tx(t), x(0)=\xi \in \Gamma(R^{+n})\subset {\cal B} \hbox{, where } T \in {\bf B}({\cal B})$ is suitably specified for our application purposes. The main theorem and its two specialized versions, together with the notions of Γ-semipositive operators and semipositive matrices presented here, serve as fundamental tools for the analysis of a class of dynamical systems of chemical kinetic equations whose examples were illustratively treated in the previous parts of this series of articles. The techniques developed here for an asymptotic analysis of chemical kinetic dynamical systems will be linked and unified with those for the asymptotic analysis of quantum mechanical systems in a forthcoming part of this series of articles. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 63: 149-163, 1997
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cationic polymerization of formaldehyde in liquid carbon dioxide. Part II: A kinetic study of the polymerizationFirst presented at the 15th Annual Meeting of the Society of Polymer Science, Japan, held in Nagoya, May 1966. (1968)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-1: Polymer Chemistry 6 (1968), S. 435-446 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-296X
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The kinetic behavior on the polymerization of formaldehyde with and without acidic catalyst, in liquid carbon dioxide, in the temperature range of 30 to 50°C. was investigated. In the polymerization without catalyst both the polymer yield and the degree of polymerization increased with reaction time and also with rising temperature. With acidic catalyst, such as acetic acid and dichloroacetic acid, both the polymer yield and the degree of polymerization increased more than that in the polymerization without catalyst. The overall rate of polymerization with and without acidic catalyst was expressed by the first-order rate equation with respect to monomer concentration. From the results it was concluded that the polymerizations belonged to a type of successive polymerization with rapid initiation and no termination. The rate constant and the activation energy of each elementary process of polymerization were estimated on the basis of the results.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1968.150060213
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Solid-state polymerization of maleimide by 2,2′-azobisisobutyronitrile (1968)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-1: Polymer Chemistry 6 (1968), S. 1719-1728 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-296X
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The solid-state polymerization of maleimide by 2,2′-azobisisobutyronitrile was studied over the temperature range 65-85°C. The polymerization was carried out either by heating the solid mixture of maleimide and 2,2′-azobisisobutyronitrile or by heating the two compounds separately in twin ampules. The results of the kinetic study showed that the lifetime of the propagating radicals was short and that the rate of termination was proportional to the mole amount of propagating radicals. The ESR spectrum showed that stable radicals that were not main propagating radicals were in the polymerizing system.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1968.150060629
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of addition of ethylene on the γ-ray-induced alternating copolymerization of ethylenimine and carbon monoxidePresented at the 14th Annual Meeting of the Society of Polymer Science, Japan, Tokyo, May 1965. (1966)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-1: Polymer Chemistry 4 (1966), S. 2171-2178 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-296X
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The influence of the addition of ethylene on the γ-ray-induced alternating copolymerization of ethylenimine and carbon monoxide was investigated. A mixture of ethylenimine, carbon monoxide, and ethylene was irradiated to produce a polymer containing these monomeric units. The infrared spectrum of the copolymer showed the characteristic absorption peaks of the secondary amide and ketone bond and was different from that of the reaction product of polyketone with ethylenimine and that of the γ-ray irradiation product of ethylene and poly-ß-alanine. The x-ray diffraction diagram of the copolymer was different from those of poly-ß-alanine and polyketone and exhibited an amorphous structure. Paper chromatographic analysis showed that the hydrolysis product of the copolymer contained ß-alanine and δ-aminovaleric acid. These results indicate that terpolymerization of ethylenimine, carbon monoxide, and ethylene took place under γ-ray irradiation and gave an amorphous polymer containing the units \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \rlap{—} ({\rm CH}_{\rm 2} {\rm CH}_{\rm 2} {\rm NHCO}\rlap{—}),\rlap{—} ({\rm CH}_{\rm 2} {\rm CH}_{\rm 2} {\rm CO}\rlap{—}),{\rm and}\rlap{—} ({\rm CH}_{\rm 2} {\rm CH}_{\rm 2} {\rm CH}_{\rm 2} {\rm CH}_{\rm 2} {\rm NHCO}\rlap{—}) $\end{document}
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1966.150040912
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    γ-Ray-induced copolymerization of carbon monoxide with cyclic ethers (1969)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-1: Polymer Chemistry 7 (1969), S. 183-199 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-296X
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The γ-ray copolymerization of carbon monoxide with cyclic ethers, such as ethylene oxide, phenyl glycidyl ether, 1,3-dioxolane, 2-vinyl-1,3-dioxolane, terahydrofuran, 1,4-dioxane, and acetaldehyde was studied. A yellowish or brownish powdery copolymer was obtained in most of the cases examined. The infrared spectra showed that copolymers containing the ester structural unit were produced in the copolymerization with cyclic ethers which have no vinyl groups, and that a copolymer containing a ketone structure was produced from cyclic ether having vinyl group. It was found that the copolymer with ethylene oxide also had a β-propiolactone ring structure at the chain end or the side chain. The copolymers were confirmed to be partially crystalline from the x-ray diffraction diagrams. Further, a ring-opening polymerizability of the cyclic ether by γ-radiation was discussed. And it was found that as the bond dissociation energy between the carbon-oxygen linkage of the cyclic ether is small, the polymer yield both in the homopolymerization and copolymerization with carbon monoxide is high. A mechanism for the copolymerization is proposed on the basis of the results.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1969.150070116
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    γ-Ray-induced terpolymerization of carbon monoxide, aziridines, and cyclic ethers (1969)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-1: Polymer Chemistry 7 (1969), S. 351-362 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-296X
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The terpolymerization of carbon monoxide, aziridines, and cyclic ethers was carried out by γ-irradiation. A partially crystalline solid copolymer was obtained. The infrared spectrum of the copolymer obtained indicated characteristic peaks due to the secondary amide and ester groups. The results of elementry analysis, infrared spectra, and x-ray diffraction of the copolymer showed that terpolymerization of carbon monoxide, aziridine, and cyclic ether took place by γ-irradiation. 2-Vinyl-1,3-dioxolane was polymerized in the system of carbon monoxide and ethylenimine to give a solid polymer. The infrared spectrum showed characteristics of the secondary amide and dioxolane ring, while no absorption due to carbonyl group of ester was observed. The infrared spectra and results of elementary analysis confirmed that the terpolymerization of carbon monoxide-ethylenimine-2-vinyl-1,3-dioxolane occurred.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1969.150070130
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relationship between structures and activities of silver salt-organic halide catalyst systems for styrene polymerization (1969)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-1: Polymer Chemistry 7 (1969), S. 917-923 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-296X
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The rate of bulk polymerization of styrene initiated by silver salt-organic halide systems was measured at 0°C. Neither of the catalyst components initiated the polymerization when used alone, while combined catalysts containing both components initiated the polymerization in the case that the components reacted with each other with precipitation of silver halide. The rate in the early stage of the polymerization increased with an increase in reaction time. Plots of yield against the second power of time gave a linear relation in the early stage of the polymerization. The slope of the line was taken as a measure of catalytic activity. The catalytic activity was markedly influenced by the kinds of the components. The activities of silver perchlorate-organic halide systems increased in the following order of halides: chloride 〈 bromide 〈 iodide in most cases. The activities of silver perchlorate-organic chloride systems increased with a decrease in ionization potentials of the organic groups of the chlorides. The activities of silver salt-benzyl bromide systems increased with a decrease in the pKa values of conjugate acids of silver salts. From these results, it was concluded that the facility of ionic dissociation of the catalyst components determined the activities.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1969.150070310
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radical-initiated copolymerization of carbon monoxide and ethylenimine in the presence of ethylenePresented at the 19th Annual Meeting of the Chemical Society of Japan, Tokyo, April 1966. (1967)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-1: Polymer Chemistry 5 (1967), S. 2031-2043 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-296X
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The radical-initiated copolymerization of carbon monoxide and ethylenimine in the presence of ethylene was studied quantitatively. Carbon monoxide copolymerized with difficulty with ethylenimine with α,α′-azobisisobutyronitrile as radical initiator. In the presence of a small amount of ethylene, however, a remarkable amount of crystalline powdery poly-β-alanine (nylon 3) was obtained. The crystalline copolymer, which mainly consists of nylon 3 and contains a small amount of nylon 5 and other substances of higher homologous nylon structure, was obtained in the presence of a large amount of ethylene. This copolymer scarcely contained any ketone structure. Increasing the total feed of the equimolar mixture of the monomers increased the conversion of total monomer and nylon 3 content in the copolymer formed. The effect of increasing carbon monoxide content in this system was to increase both the conversion and the nylon 3 content in the copolymer. In both cases the copolymers were almost identical with nylon 3. Increased ethylene content in the monomer feed, however, increased the conversion and the content of higher homologous nylon structures, such as nylon 5 and 7. From the results it was concluded that ethylene was involved not only in the propagation reaction but also particularly in the initiation reaction.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1967.150050820
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preparation of crystalline polyamides by the alternating copolymerization of aziridines and cyclic imides (1966)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-1: Polymer Chemistry 4 (1966), S. 2081-2092 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-296X
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The copolymerization of aziridines and cyclic imides was studied. Aziridines copolymerized alternately with cyclic imides to give crystalline polyamides. Ethylenimine and succinimide copolymerized to nylon 2,4, melting near 300°C., without any catalyst. Similarly, the corresponding crystalline polyamides were obtained from the systems of 1,2-propylenimine-succinimide, ethylenimine-glutarimide, and ethylenimine-phthalimide. The copolymerization of aziridines and cyclic imides in the presence of BF3OEt2 gave a copolymer which was rich in aziridine units, whereas, the addition of triethylamine had no influence on the copolymer composition. A mechanism of copolymerization was proposed based on the facts that N-tetramethylenesuccinamide was obtained by the reaction of pyrrolidine and succinimide, N-acetylethylenimine reacted with acetamide to yield N,N′-diacetylethylenediamine and that the rate of this copolymerization was dependent on the electrophilicity of imide.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1966.150040905
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