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  • enzymes  (2)
  • Polymer and Materials Science  (1)
  • crude extract  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A rapid method for determining kinetic parameters of enzymes exhibiting nonlinear thermal inactivation bahavior (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 49 (1996), S. 106-110 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: inactivation ; thermal inactivation ; enzymes ; alcohol dehydrogenase ; kinetics ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A rapid method is developed to analyze the kinetics of thermal inactivation of enzymes that exhibit a nonlinear biphasic log(activity)-time relationship. Thermal destruction experiments on alcohol dehydrogenase from baker's yeast demonstrate the applicability of the method. The method is based on physical considerations (as opposed to mathematical curve fitting/regression methods) and also serves as a quick check of results obtained using nonlinear regression. It is superior to fitting nonlinear enzyme inactivation data by first-order kinetics or taking the initial and final slopes of the inactivation data. In fact, the method is of general validity and can be applied to any decay process that can be represented by a sum of exponentials. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Separation of enzymes from microorganism crude extracts by free-flow zone electrophoresis (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 51 (1996), S. 15-22 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: preparative separation ; continuous ; free-flow zone electrophoresis ; electrophoretic mobility ; net charge ; enzymes ; proteins ; crude extract ; cell debris ; Candida boidinii ; Escherichia coli ; formate dehydrogenase ; formaldehyde dehydrogenase ; methanol oxidase ; β-galactosidase ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Continuous, single-step, state-of-the-art preparative separations of enzymes from microorganism crude extracts by free-flow zone electrophoresis are presented. In the first example, the enzymes formate dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, and methanol oxidase were continuously separated from Candida boidinii crude extract. Yields of 85% to 95% and purification factors between 3 and 7 were obtained along with a simultaneous separation of the finer cell debris from the enzymes. Using multiple injections of sample, a throughput of 46.2 mg protein/h was recorded. In the second example, a fivefold purification of β-galactosidase from Escherichia coli was achieved along with complete, simultaneous cell debris separation from the enzyme. The yield of the enzyme was greater than 90%. The preparative free-flow zone electrophoresis experiments were run continuously for a period of 12 h and the separations were found to be stable; i.e., the enzymes and the cell debris eluted at their respective fraction numbers during the entire period. In both examples, choice of the type of buffer played a critical role and had to be investigated and optimized experimentally. Scale-up aspects of the separations are also discussed. Recently, by comparison of free-flow zone electrophoresis with ion-exchange chromatography, we have presented evidence that free-flow electrophoresis separations are governed by net surface charge (S. Nath et al., Biotechnol. Bioeng. 1993, 42: 829-835). Here, we offer further confirmation of this evidence by comparison of preparative free-flow zone electrophoresis experiments at various pHs on a mixture of two model proteins with analytical electrophoretic titration curves of the proteins. We are thus in a position to predict separations in free-flow zone electrophoresis. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Forced oscillations in continuous flow stirred tank reactors with nonlinear step growth polymerization (1985)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 30 (1985), S. 557-569 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The self-step growth polymerization of RAf monomers in homogeneous, continuous flow stirred tank reactors (HCSTRs) is simulated under conditions of periodic feed concentration (with frequency ω and amplitude α). By having periodic operation, the polydispersity index of the polymer is found to increase by about 35% over the values at steady state. Periodic operation of HCSTRs is found to lead to gelation only for certain values of the frequency and the dimensionless residence time τ*. Gelling envelopes have been obtained to give conditions under which HCSTRs should be operated. These envelopes can be described in terms of two critical dimensionless residence times, τc,1* and τc,2* such that nongelling operation is always ensured when τ* 〈 τc,1*. For τ* 〉 τc,2*, periodic operation always leads to gelation, and HCSTRs cannot be used. For τc,1* 〈 τ* 〈 τc,2*, the gelling behavior is found to depend on the functionality f, amplitude α, and the dimensionless residence time τ*.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1985.070300209
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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