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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (3)
  • cure kinetics  (3)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1572-8943
    Keywords: cure kinetics ; DSC ; epoxy resin ; SAN ; thermoplastic blends
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Cure kinetics using a differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) technique were analyzed for a thermoplastic modified tetraglycidyl-4,4′-diaminodiphenylmethane (TGDDM) epoxy resin cured with diaminodiphenylsulphone (DDS), an aromatic diamine. The neat resin and its blends with the poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) (SAN) of various compositions were studied by applying a phenomenological model proposed by Kamal. Kinetic parameters were determined by fitting experimental data. This model gives a good description of cure kinetics up to the onset of vitrification. Diffusion control was incorporated to describe the cure in the latter stages of cure. The results showed that the addition of SAN did not alter the nature of the reaction, but the reaction rates and final conversions decreased when SAN contents increase, due to reduction of mobility of the reacting species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1572-8943
    Keywords: cure kinetics ; DSC ; epoxy resins ; gelation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract By employing differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) we have studied the kinetic of the cure reaction for a system containing a diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) and 1,3-bisaminomethylcyclohexane (1,3-BAC) as a curing agent, using an isothermal approach over the temperature range of 60–110°C. We have determined the reached conversions at several cure temperatures and the reaction rates. The results showed that this cure reaction is autocatalytic. The experimental data were compared with the autocatalytic model proposed by Kamal, which includes two rate constants and two reaction orders. This model gives a good description of cure kinetics up to vitrification point. The activation energies for these rate constants were 44-57 kJ mol−1. From the gel time measurements the value obtained for the overall activation energy was 49.5 kJ mol−1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1572-8943
    Keywords: cure kinetics ; DSC ; etherification ; TGDDM epoxy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was applied to study the cure kinetics of an epoxy system containing both tetraglycidyl 4,4′-diaminodiphenylmethane (TGDDM) and a multifunctional Novolac glycidyl ether resin, cured with 4,4′-diaminodiphenylsulfone (DDS). The experimental data were analyzed in terms of a mechanistic model proposed by Cole, which includes the etherification reaction. The kinetics can be completely described in terms of three rate constants, which obey the Arrhenius relationship. This model gives a good description of the cure kinetics up to the onset of vitrification. The effect of diffusion control was incorporated to describe the cure in the later stages. By combining the model and a diffusion factor, it was possible to predict the cure kinetics over the whole range of conversion, including an analysis of the evolution of different chemical species during the curing process. Good agreement with the experimental DSC data was achieved with this mechanistic model over the whole range of cure when the etherification reaction was assumed to be of first order with respect to the concentrations of epoxide groups, hydroxy groups, and the tertiary amine groups formed in the epoxide amine reaction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 56 (1995), S. 1029-1037 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: By employing differential scaning calorimetry, DSC, we have studied, under isothermal conditions, the kinetics of the cure reaction for a system containing a diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) and 1,3-bisaminomethylcyclohexane (1,3-BAC) as a curing agent, over the temperature range of 60-110°C. We have determined the conversions reached at several cure temperatures and the reaction rates. The experimental data, showing an autocatalytic behavior, were compared with the model proposed by Kamal, which includes two rate constants, k1 and k2, and two reaction orders, m and n. This model gives a good description of cure kinetics up to the onset of vitrification. The activation energies for these rate constants were 44-57 kJ/mol. The reaction orders present a moderate change but their sum is in the range 2.5-3. Diffusion control is incorporated to describe the cure in the latter stages (postivitrification region). By combining the autocatalytic model and a diffusion factor, it was possible to predict the cure kinetics over the whole range of conversion. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 61 (1996), S. 1553-1559 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The isothermal cure of an epoxy-cycloaliphatic amine system has been studied following the evolution of both glass transition temperature and conversion. A functional relationship between Tg and conversion is established. The cure reaction is satisfactorily described by a phenomenological model with parameters determined from DSC experiments. By applying the kinetic model, gelation and vitrification curves are calculated and compared with experimental times to gelation and times to vitrification determined at temperatures between 50 and 100°C. The isothermal time-temperature-transformation (TTT) curing diagram including iso-Tg contours has been established. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer International 38 (1995), S. 353-356 
    ISSN: 0959-8103
    Keywords: epoxy resin ; DSC ; vitrification ; gelation ; activation energy ; time-temperature-transformation diagram ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Times to gelation and times to vitrification during isothermal curing for the epoxy system diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A and 1,3-bisaminomethyl-cyclohexane were measured at different curing temperatures between 50 and 100°C. Gelation occurs around 56% conversion. Vitrification was determined from data curves of glass transition temperature, Tg, versus curing time obtained from DSC experiments. The minimum and maximum Tg determined for this epoxy system were Tgo = -37°C and Tg∞ = 150°C. Values of activation energy of the epoxy/amine cure reaction of 58 kJ/mol and 49.5 kJ/mol were obtained from Tg versus time shift factors and gel time measurements respectively. The isothermal time-temperature-transformation diagram has been established.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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