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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Surface instability of calcium phosphate ceramics in tissue culture medium and the effect on adhesion and growth of anchorage-dependent animal cells (1997)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 34 (1997), S. 507-517 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: The surface of biocompatible ceramics made of synthesized hydroxyapatite (HAP) and β-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) was found to be extremely active in tissue culture medium. Using mixed ceramics of HAP and TCP which had been prepared with different Ca/P molar ratios adjusted in stepwise fashion to values of 1.50, 1.55, 1.60, 1.64 and 1.67, the characteristics of the surface were investigated. The time-dependent variation of zeta potential of the TCP-HAP ceramics immersed in distilled water and in culture medium with and without addition of fetal bovine serum showed that the surface was unstable with significant changes in the charge being observed. Dry TCP powder had a zeta potential of -19 mV, which shifted to -7 mV after soaking in water and to -26 mV in culture medium. In contrast, HAP had a zeta potential of -11 mV in a dry state, -9 mV in water and -29 mV in culture medium. Concentrations of calcium and phosphate dissolved in distilled water showed the solubility was higher for TCP than for HAP. In comparison, it was found that dissolved calcium and phosphate in the medium were removed from the solution by deposition on immersed TCP-HAP ceramics. These results suggested that the stability of the surface was closely related to both reactions of association and dissociation of calcium and phosphate in tissue culture medium. The zeta potential analysis also suggested that Ca-deficient HAP, which has a similar crystal structure to HAP with a Ca/P ratio less than 1.67, was generated by degradation and reforming of the surface layer. The most stable structure which was the most suitable for adhesion of L-929 cells was obtained by the mixture of 20% TCP and 80% HAP ceramics. In conclusion, the stability of the surface structure was considered to be the dominant factor for the enhancement of the adhesiveness of cells on TCP-HAP ceramics. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative structure - property relationships for auto-ignition temperatures of organic compounds (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Fire and Materials 18 (1994), S. 81-88 
    Details
    ISSN: 0308-0501
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Quantitative structure-property relationship techniques were applied to develop a predictive method for autoignition temperatures of a wide range of organic molecules, including hydrocarbons, alcohols, phenols, ethers, aldehydes, ketones, acids, amines, esters and halogenated compounds. Multivariate linear regression models in terms of easily available molecular descriptors or intrinsic molecular properties such as critical pressure, parachor, atomic charges, etc. were proposed. Principal component analysis on the set of descriptors employed uncovered the significant contributions of the polarity-related factors to auto-ignition temperatures. For the majority of the 250 compounds over an auto-ignition temperature range of 170-630°C, good agreement between observed and calculated autoignition temperatures was confirmed. The method could be useful for assessing the flammability of new compounds.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fam.810180204
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gas-Sparged bioreactors for CO2 fixation by Dunaliella tertiolecta (1995)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Chemical Technology AND Biotechnology 62 (1995), S. 351-358 
    Details
    ISSN: 0268-2575
    Keywords: carbon dioxide ; factorial design ; microalgae ; hydrodynamic stress ; bubble-column bioreactor ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Two kinds of bioreactors, a bubble-column and an air-lift bioreactor, have been designed. The influence of operating conditions such as medium composition, light intensity, carbon dioxide concentration in the flushing gas, culture temperature, and gas flow rate, on photosynthesis of Dunaliella tertiolecta were studied using a chemometrics approach. The bubble-column bioreactor system was shown to be advantageous over the air-life because of a weaker intensity of hydrodynamic stress derived from gas bubble dispersion and culture broth mixing. Optimal conditions for carbon dioxide fixation or maximal growth rate were determined. The effect of hydrodynamic shear forces on the algal wall produced by gas bubbling was identified as one of the most significant factors for algal growth.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jctb.280620407
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Note: Empirical relationship between lower flammability limits and standard enthalpies of combustion of organic compounds (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Fire and Materials 18 (1994), S. 333-336 
    Details
    ISSN: 0308-0501
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fam.810180509
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Short Communication: Correlation between Upper Flammability Limits and Thermochemical Properties of Organic Compounds (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Fire and Materials 18 (1994), S. 393-397 
    Details
    ISSN: 0308-0501
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fam.810180608
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neural network techniques applied to predict flammability limits of organic compounds (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Fire and Materials 19 (1995), S. 179-189 
    Details
    ISSN: 0308-0501
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The application of the neural networks to correlate lower and upper flammability limits with chemical structures or basic physical properties for 150 organic compounds of diverse structures and functionalities was investigated. The prediction results based on a three-layer neural network with a back-propagation algorithm were compared with those obtained by multiple regression analysis. The comparison showed showed that the neural networks gave better versatility (range of applicability) and reliability. The predictive ability of the methods developed were tested for a new set of 50 compounds not included in the training data set and good agreement with observed lower and upper flammability limits was confirmed. The required information for the calculation were six easily available properties: standard enthalpy of combustion, molecular weight, critical temperature, critical pressure, oxygen balance, and diffusion coefficient in air. By using these calculable properties from the molecular structure, the method could be used to predict flammability limits of new compounds containing C, H, O, N, S, Cl, F and Br atoms.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fam.810190404
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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