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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (2)
  • two-temperature modeling  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Two-temperature modeling of an arc plasma reactor (1981)
    Springer
    Plasma chemistry and plasma processing 1 (1981), S. 295-314 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8986
    Keywords: Arc plasma reactor ; two-temperature modeling ; nonequilibrium properties
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract In this paper a two-temperature plasma model is established and applied to the injection of cold gases into an atmospheric-pressure, high-intensity argon arc. The required nonequilibrium plasma composition and the non-equilibrium transport properties are also calculated. The results show that the arc becomes constricted at the location of gas injection due to thermal and fluid dynamic effects of the injected cold flow. Enhanced Joule heating in the constricted arc path raises the electron as well as the heavy-particle temperatures. This temperature increase resists, via secondary effects, the penetration of the cold gas into the hot arc core which behaves more or less as a “solid body” as far as the injected flow is concerned. The temperature discrepancy between electrons and heavy particles is most severe at the location of cold flow injection, a finding which may have important consequences on chemical reactions in an arc plasma reactor.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00568837
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Water-soluble sulfonated phenolic resins. I. Synthesis (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 57 (1995), S. 1501-1509 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A new water-soluble sulfonated phenolic resin as a water reducer in concrete was prepared in this study. It was synthesized from formaldehyde, phenol, and NaHSO3 through a four step reaction procedure. The structure of resin was determined through analyses of IR and NMR spectra. The influence of reaction conditions on the properties of synthesized products was also examined and discussed. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 22 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1995.070571210
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Water-soluble sulfonated phenolic resins. II. Surface property and effectiveness as a dispersing agent (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 57 (1995), S. 1205-1209 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: This article presents the surface activeity of a synthetic sulfonated phenolic resin (SPR) and evaluates its performance in cement mortars. It is indicated that the prepared SPR has the characteristics of a polymeric surfactant that can decrease the surface tension of water. When resin was added into cement mortars, the resulting materials exhibited better workability, more consolidated stucture, and higher compressive strength than the untreated. Therefore, SPR could be used as a water reducing admixture for cementitious materails. In addition, resins with higher sulfonate group content and low molecular weight appear to be more effective. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1995.070571005
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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