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  • Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)  (2)
  • Vesicovaginal fistulas  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Obstetric vesicovaginal fistulas: Evaluation of failed repairs (1993)
    Springer
    International urogynecology journal 4 (1993), S. 271-273 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-3023
    Keywords: Failed operative repair ; Vesicovaginal fistulas
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract During a 2-year period, there were 71 patients whose fistula repair was unsuccessful at the first attempt, at the Addis Ababa Fistula Hospital. All the obstetric fistulas resulted from obstructed labor, and in 17.1% the uterus had ruptured. There was a previous history of at least one unsuccessful attempt at repair in 18.3%; all the fistulas were complicated. Forty-one of the 71 patients were cured by a further operation; spontaneous cure occurred in 3 patients. Failed repair was associated with a history of ruptured uterus, a history of previous unsuccessful attempts at repair, and more patients whose general condition was poor, whose fistula was complicated and required complicated operative procedures. The majority of the failures were cured by a further operation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00372735
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Epidemiologic study of vesicovaginal fistulas in ethiopia (1993)
    Springer
    International urogynecology journal 4 (1993), S. 278-281 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-3023
    Keywords: Epidemiology in Ethiopia ; Vesicovaginal fistulas
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Three hundred and nine patients (a 1∶10 random sample) treated at the Addis Ababa Fistula Hospital during the years 1983 to 1988 were studied for biosocial factors, obstetric history, previous attempts at repair, the condition of the patient and the extent of injury to the genitourinary tract, as well as treatment and results. Sixty-five percent of patients were under 25 years. The cause of the fistula was obstructed labor in 97.4%; in 62.7% it was the patient's first labor; the outcome for the baby was a stillbirth in 92.7%. The fistula was complicated in 69.4%; a Martius graft was used in 73.6%; 88% were cured; 5.8% of repairs failed and in 6.2% the patient had stress incontinence. Obstetric fistulas in Ethiopia result from obstructed labor, mostly in a first pregnancy in young women, and it is rare for the baby to survive. Prevention will involve improved education, communication, transport and health care measures. With good preoperative and postoperative care and attention to surgical detail many of these women can be cured.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00372737
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of RAPD markers linked to a major rust resistance gene block in common bean (1993)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 86 (1993), S. 505-512 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Phaseolus vulgaris L. ; Bean rust resistance ; Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) ; DNA markers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Rust in bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), caused byUromyces appendiculatus (Pers.) Unger var.appendiculatus [ =U. phaseoli (Reben) Wint.], is a major disease problem and production constraint in many parts of the world. The predominant form of genetic control of the pathogen is a series of major genes which necessitate the development of efficient selection strategies. Our objective was focused on the identification of RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA) markers linked to a major bean rust resistance gene block enabling marker-based selection and facilitating resistance gene pyramiding into susceptible bean germplasm. Using pooled DNA samples of genotyped individuals from two segregating populations, we identified two RAPD markers linked to the gene block of interest. One such RAPD, OF10970 (generated by a 5′-GGAAGCTTGG-3′ decamer), was found to be closely linked (2.15±1.50 centi Morgans) in coupling with the resistance gene block. The other identified RAPD, OI19460 (generated by a 5′-AATGCGGGAG-3′ decamer), was shown to be more tightly linked (also in coupling) than OF10970 as no recombinants were detected among 97 BC6F2 segregating individuals in the mapping population. Analysis of a collection of resistant and susceptible cultivars and experimental lines, of both Mesoamerican and Andean origin, revealed that: (1) recombination between OF10970 and the gene block has occurred as evidenced by the presence of the DNA fragment in several susceptible genotypes, (2) recombination between OI19460 and the gene block has also occurred indicating that the marker is not located within the gene block itself, and (3) marker-facilitated selection using these RAPD markers, and another previously identified, will enable gene pyramiding in Andean germplasm and certain Mesoamerican bean races in which the resistance gene block does not traditionally exist. Observations of variable recombination among Mesoamerican bean races suggested suppression of recombination between introgressed segments and divergent recurrent backgrounds.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00838567
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heterogeneous inbred populations are useful as sources of near-isogenic lines for RAPD marker localization (1994)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 88 (1994), S. 337-342 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Phaseolus vulgaris L. ; Bean rust resistance ; Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) ; DNA markers ; Near-isogenic lines (NILs)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The development and use of RAPD markers for applications in crop improvement has recently generated considerable interest within the plant breeding community. One potential application of RAPDs is their use for “tagging” simply-inherited (monogenic) pest-resistance genes and enabling more efficient identification and selection of genotypes carrying specific combinations of resistance genes. In this report, we propose and describe the use of heterogeneous inbred populations as sources of near-isogenic lines (NILs) for targeting RAPD markers linked to major pest resistance genes. The development of these NILs for RAPD marker analyses involved a sequence of line and mass selection during successive generations of inbreeding. DNA bulks derived from the NILs were used to identify a RAPD marker (designated OK14620, generated by 5′-CCCGCTACAC-3′ decamer) that was tightly linked (2.23±1.33 centiMorgans) to an important rust [Uromyces appendiculatus (Pers.) Unger var. appendiculatus] resistance gene (Ur-3) in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). The efficiency of this approach was demonstrated by a low rate of false-positives identified, the tightness of the linkage identified, and the ability to detect polymorphism between genomic regions that are representative of the same gene pool of common bean. This method of deriving NILs should find application by researchers interested in utilizing marker-assisted selection for one or more major pest resistance genes. The identification of OK14620 should help to facilitate continued use of the Ur-3 resistance source and will now enable marker-assisted pyramiding of three different bean rust resistance sources (two previously tagged) to provide effective and stable resistance to this important pathogen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00223642
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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