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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Pineal organ ; Melatonin ; Pineal protein secretion ; Rat ; Hamster
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The hypothesis that melatonin (aMT) is implicated in the regulation of the secretory process involved in the synthesis and release of protein/peptide “hormones” of the pineal organ has been tested in the present study by the use of an in vitro system in two mammalian species. In these species the secretory process studied is characterized by either large (hamster) or very small (rat) numbers of granular vesicles. In both species, aMT clearly participates in the regulation of the process of protein/peptide secretion. However, the effect of aMT varies with the presence of noradrenaline (NA) in the medium and is not identical in both species. Melatonin, in the absence of NA, induces the formation of granular vesicles by the Golgi apparatus in pinealocytes of the rat but not in those of the hamster, while in the presence of NA, aMT provokes a decrease in the number of these vesicles in both species. The present experiments show (i) that the pineal is one of the target organs for aMT, and (ii) that aMT is implicated in the control of protein/ peptide secretion in the pineal organ.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: Oxytocin ; Immunocytochemistry ; Paraventricular nucleus ; Superior cervical ganglion ; Spinal cord ; Sympathetic nervous system ; Retrograde tracing ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus is a major integrative nucleus for relaying information from the suprachiasmatic nucleus to the autonomic system. The precise pathway by which this information can influence autonomic functions, such as melatonin synthesis in the pineal gland, is not clear. In the present study, we used a retrograde tracer injected in the superior cervical ganglion to identify spinal preganglionic neurons. One of the main neurotransmitters present in descending projections of the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus, oxytocin, was detected with immunocytochemistry to visualise possible contacts with the neurons located in the intermediolateral column of the spinal cord and projecting to the superior cervical ganglion. Although many appositions could be seen at the light-microscopic level, this abundance could not be confirmed at the electron-microscopic level. The implications of these observations for the overall timing message received by the spinal preganglionic neurons are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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