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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Lumbar disk surgery ; Vascular complications ; Angiography ; Computed tomography ; Sonography ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Vascular injuries in lumbar disk surgery, although rare, are serious complications which may be overlooked due to a broad range of clinical manifestations. It is important that surgeons and radiologists be aware of these potentially fatal complications and develop an appropriate symptom-based diagnostic paradigm. We reviewed 8099 consecutive cases of lumbar disk surgery, performed over a 14-year period at a single institution, for postoperative vascular complications. We identified four patients (0.05%) with lumbar disk surgery-related vascular complications: intraoperative lacerations of the abdominal aorta and median sacral artery, an arteriovenous fistula between the left common iliac artery and vein detected 19 days postdiskectomy, and a partially thrombosed aortic aneurysm with an arteriovenous fistula between the aneurysm and the inferior vena cava, diagnosed 11 months after surgery. The majority of cases in the literature of vascular injury in lumbar disk surgery were reported prior to 1965. Diagnostic approaches described in that period do not reflect the great range of diagnostic techniques available today. Angiography remains the gold standard for diagnosis and guidance as to surgical repair. However, a high index of suspicion based on clinical signs and/or the use of sonography or CT is important in the detection of these complications.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Lumbar disk surgery ; Vascular complications ; Angiography ; Computed tomography ; Sonography ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Vascular injuries in lumbar disk surgery, although rare, are serious complications which may be overlooked due to a broad range of clinical manifestations. It is important that surgeons and radiologists be aware of these potentially fatal complications and develop an appropriate symptom-based diagnostic paradigm. We reviewed 8099 consecutive cases of lumbar disk surgery, performed over a 14-year period at a single institution, for postoperative vascular complications. We identified four patients (0.05 %) with lumbar disk surgery-related vascular complications: intraoperative lacerations of the abdominal aorta and median sacral artery, an arteriovenous fistula between the left common iliac artery and vein detected 19 days postdiskectomy, and a partially thrombosed aortic aneurysm with an arteriovenous fistula between the aneurysm and the inferior vena cava, diagnosed 11 months after surgery. The majority of cases in the literature of vascular injury in lumbar disk surgery were reported prior to 1965. Diagnostic approaches described in that period do not reflect the great range of diagnostic techniques available today. Angiography remains the gold standard for diagnosis and guidance as to surgical repair. However, a high index of suspicion based on clinical signs and/or the use of sonography or CT is important in the detection of these complications.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Keywords: Mus musculus ; activity ; exploration ; development ; ecological niche ; gene x environment interaction ; genetic correlations ; genetic dominance ; psychological constructs
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract Psychological constructs involving genetic characters can be of two types. The first type involves behavioral characters in which a score in a given direction should consistently confer a selective advantage on an organism across environments and age. Behavioral measurements taken in different situations should show low additive genetic correlations but similar patterns of directional dominance. A composite score summed across many measures representing the construct should show a high proportion of nonadditive genetic variance. Type 2 constructs involve behavior patterns in which high scores confer a selective advantage in some circumstances and a disadvantage in others. Behaviors representing such constructs should be characterized by high additive genetic correlations, suggesting a common set of genes influencing the behaviors at different ages or in different environments. The direction of nonadditive genetic effects should differ in accordance with optimal behavior levels in each test situation. Activity levels of housemice are shown to fit the model of a type 2 construct. Most measures used in human behavior genetics probably also reflect type 2 constructs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Behavior genetics 18 (1988), S. 571-581 
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Keywords: Mus domesticus ; house mice ; vocalization ; diallel analysis ; genetic dominance ; threshold model
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract Rates of vocalization in response to experimenter handling were assessed in eight inbred parent strains and their F1 crosses. Use of a stimulation level greater than that previously used by Whitney and a normalizing transformation of response rates provided evidence for a threshold-of-response model for vocalization. The diallel analysis indicated that a simple additive-dominance model fit the normalized data well. Substantial additive genetic variance and incomplete dominance favoring vocalization to handling were observed. Vocalization rates of recently domesticated wild-trapped mice did not differ from the diallel average, nor was there a strong relationship between vocalization rates of the strains tested and other assessments of wildness or temperament reported for these strains. Taken together, Whitney's work and the present data provide an extended testing environment for the vocalization response, producing a more comprehensive picture of the genetic architecture of the response than is possible from either study alone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Behavior genetics 19 (1989), S. 387-407 
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Keywords: Mus domesticus ; housemice ; avoidance ; diallel analysis ; genetic variance ; heritability ; genetic dominance ; developmental buffering ; heterosis ; heterozygote advantage ; behavioral homeostasis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract Latency to leave a lighted platform and enter a novel chamber in which other mice had received shock was measured in 2592 mice from eight inbred strains and all 56 F 1 crosses. An analysis of the diallel matrix indicated a clear genetic architecture, although genetic effects accounted for only 10% of the total phenotypic variance. Dominance favoring a slight delay in chamber entry suggested a selective advantage in spending a longer time on some elements in the behavioral chain involved in avoidance-avoidance responses. Inbred strains showed greater litter variance than F 1 hybrids, suggesting greater developmental buffering of heterozygotes. Both the genetic architecture and the strain rankings differ from those typically found in open field and similar tests of locomotor activity. The results illustrate the problem of interpreting behavior genetic results in terms of proportions of total phenotypic variance and difficulties in generalizing to ancestral or other populations in an attempt to interpret genetic results in an evolutionary context when reliability is low.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Keywords: Mus domesticus ; housemice ; infant behavior ; diallel analysis ; genetic variance ; heritability ; genetic dominance ; fitness ; domestication ; heterosis ; heterozygote advantage ; selection ; evolution ; ecological niche
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract A complete diallel cross was generated from six Jax inbred strains ofMus domesticus from diverse origins and a second 6×6 diallel generated from strains derived from a single wild population. During their second day of life, infants from both diallels were tested for latency to orient toward and root beneath mothers and, in a separate test, for latency to attach to mother's nipple. Rooting latency showed a significant additive maternal strain effect but little systematic effect of pup genotype. Nipple attachment latencies exhibited complete genetic dominance favoring rapid attachment, with no maternal effects. Patterns of genetic and environmental influences obtained from the two diallels were highly similar for both behaviors, suggesting that for many traits the requirement that strains be drawn from a common base population may be relaxed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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