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  • 1
    ISSN: 1433-0458
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Cochlear implantat ; Stapediusreflex ; Pädaudiologie ; Sprachprozessor ; Key words Cochlear implant ; Stapedius reflex ; Paediatric audiology ; Speech processor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The programming of a cochlear implant speech processor used by young children is often difficult, especially when the stimulus level associated with maximum auditory loudness (MAL) needs to be determined. Excessively high stimulation should be avoided as this can have a traumatic effect. The aim of this study was to determine if a relationship exists between the intraoperatively determined electrical stapedius reflex threshold (ESRT) and the postoperatively determined MAL and hearing threshold for 27 patients, each having one of three implant types. The question of whether the ESRT provides a practical technique to simplify, improve and accelerate speech processor programming was investigated. For the monopolar stimulation mode used for the Med-El and Clarion implant systems, the average MAL and threshold was expressed as a percentage of the average ESRT across all electrodes. For the ″common ground″ stimulation mode used for the Nucleus implant system, a parabolic transformation was used to relate MAL and ESRT to one another. These transformations between MAL values calculated from the ESRT and the actual MAL values, determined psychoacoustically, diverged considerably from one another. Therefore, it was not possible to determine the MAL from the ESRT with certainty. The ESRT does, however, provide a means to estimate an approximate upper boundary for the MAL, apart from its use to control implant function. The determination of the exact MAL will still need to be determined using behavioural techniques.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Programmierung des Sprachprozessors eines „cochlear implants” (CI) bei kleinen Kindern, speziell die Ermittlung der Stimulationsstärke, die der maximal akzeptablen Lautstärke (MAL) entspricht, ist häufig schwierig. Eine Überstimulation ist unbedingt zu vermeiden, da dies beim Kind traumatisierende Wirkung haben kann. Ziel dieser Studie war die Analyse der intraoperativ registrierten Stapediusreflex(SR)Schwellen, die über das CI ausgelöst wurden, und der bei der postoperativen Sprachprozessoreinstellung festgelegten MAL- und Hörschwellenwerte bei 27 Trägern dreier verschiedener Implanttypen. Es wurde untersucht, ob mit der ESR-Schwelle in der Praxis ein anwendbares, objektives Instrument zur Vereinfachung, Verfeinerung und Beschleunigung der Sprachprozessorprogrammierung vorhanden ist. Für die in monopolarem Modus gereizten Med-El und Clarion-Implantate wurde dabei die mittlere MAL als Perzentile des mittleren ESR-Schwellenstrompegels über alle Implantatelektroden berechnet. Die MAL-Pegel für die im bipolar „common ground” Modus gereizten Nucleus-Implantate wurden mit einem Parabeltransformationsmodell berechnet. Die aufgrund der intraoperativ registrierten Stapediusreflexschwellen berechneten MAL-Werte zeigten z.T. große Abweichungen zu den effektiv auf verhaltensaudiometrischem Weg ermittelten Schwellen. Somit war keine sichere und einfache rechnerische Festlegung der MAL und der Hörschwelle aufgrund der intraoperativen SR-Schwelle möglich. Die intraoperative Ermittlung der ESR-Schwelle kann aber nebst einer intraoperativen Funktionskontrolle zu einer rechnerischen Einschränkung des zu prüfenden Bereichs beitragen. Die Festlegung der genauen MAL wird aber auf anderem, vorläufig verhaltensaudiometrischem Weg erfolgen müssen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology and head & neck 249 (1992), S. 172-175 
    ISSN: 1434-4726
    Keywords: Hearing ; Stapedius reflex ; Monopolar electrical stimulation ; Cochlear implant ; Rabbit
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The possibility of using electrically induced stapedius reflexes as a means of objective hearing evaluation was investigated in the rabbit as an animal model. The contralateral stapedius reflex to acoustic and electrical stimulation was measured in anesthetized rabbits. For electrical stimulation, the middle ear was opened surgically and stimulation was applied by a monopolar electrode placed at or into the round window. Contraction of the middle ear muscle was monitored by digital sampling and averaging of the impedance changes in the contralateral ear. Acoustically evoked reflexes were recorded within expected limits despite anesthesia. The level of the electrical stimulus was raised until mass reflexes of the neck muscles were observed. A contralateral stapedius reflex to electrical stimulation could not be demonstrated. In our experiment, monopolar electrical stimulation at the round window could not elicit contralateral stapedius reflexes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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