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  • TANTALUM  (1)
  • oxidation mechanism  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Oxidation of metals 51 (1999), S. 383-402 
    ISSN: 1573-4889
    Keywords: TITANIUM ; TANTALUM ; TITANIUM-TANTALUM ALLOYS ; OXIDATION MECHANISM ; OXIDATION KINETICS
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The oxidation behavior of titanium-tantalumalloys was investigated with respective concentrationsof each element ranging from 0 to 100 wt.%. Alloys wereexposed to argon-20% oxygen at 800 to 1400°C. Theslowest oxidation rates were observed in alloys with5-20% Ta. The oxidation kinetics of alloys containingless than approximately 40% Ta were approximatelyparabolic. Pure Ta exhibited nearly linear kinetics. Alloys containing 50% or more Taexhibited paralinear kinetics. The activation energiesfor oxidation ranged between 232 kJ/mole for pure Ti and119 kJ/mole for pure Ta, with the activation energies of the alloys falling between these values andgenerally decreasing with increasing Ta content. Theactivation energies for oxidation of the end members, Tiand Ta, agree well with published values for the activation energies for diffusion of oxygenin α-Ti and Ta. Scale formation in the alloys wasfound to be complex exhibiting various layers of Ti-,Ta-, and TiTa-oxides. The outermost layer of the oxidized alloys was predominately rutile(TiO2). Beneath the TiO2 grew avariety of other oxides with the Ta content generallyincreasing with proximity to the metal-oxide interface.It was found that the most oxidation-resistant alloys hadcompositions falling between Ti5Ta andTi-15Ta. Although Ta stabilizes the β-phase of Ti,the kinetics of oxidation appeared to be rate limited byoxygen transport through the oxygen-stabilized α-phase.However, the kinetics are complicated by the formationof a complex oxide, which cracks periodically. Tantalumappears to increase the compositional range ofoxygen-stabilized α-phase and reduces both the solubilityof oxygen and diffusivity of Ti in the α- andβ-phases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Oxidation of metals 47 (1997), S. 317-353 
    ISSN: 1573-4889
    Keywords: titanium ; tantalum ; titanium alloy ; oxidation mechanism ; oxidation kinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The oxidation kinetics of alloys containing nominally 5, 40, and 60 weight percent Ta, as well as pure Ti and Ta, were measured for 16 hr in argon-20% oxygen or pure oxygen at 800, 1000, 1200 and 1400°C. These three alloys were chosen as representative of low, intermediate and high-Ta content for comparison to previous studies. In addition to TGA, specimens were examined using scanning electron microscopy, electron microprobe, and X-ray diffraction. The effect of Ta on the oxidation of Ti is explained by an increase in the compositional range of the oxygen-stabilized α-phase while apparently reducing the solubility of oxygen and the diffusivity of Ti in both the α- and β-phases. The composition which exhibits the minimum oxidation rate varies depending on the temperature and atmosphere, but is governed by the solubility of Ta in oxygen-stabilized α-Ti.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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