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  • Transgenic mice  (1)
  • peripheral benzodiazepine receptors  (1)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1573-7373
    Keywords: peripheral benzodiazepine receptors ; glioma ; mitochondria ; isoquinoline binding sites
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Subcellular fractionation was performed on human U251 glioblastoma cultures. In all subcellular fractions, the binding of the peripheral benzodiazepine ligand, [3H]PK 11195, correlated with the specific activity of monoamine oxidase (r = 0.95, p 〈 0.001) and succinate dehydrogenase (r = 0.93, p 〈 0.001), two mitochondrial enzymes. The specific activity of plasma membrane and nuclear markers correlated poorly with the presence of PK 11195 binding sites. These data support the mitochondrion as the primary location of peripheral-type benzodiazepine binding sites (PBBS) in human glioma cells. Mitochondria-rich preparations were then assayed for [3H]Ro5-4964 binding. Six nM [3H]Ro5-4964 failed to specifically bind to human U251 mitochondria, but bound vigorously to mitochondria from rat C6 glioma. These data indicate that the low affinity of Ro5-4864 for PBBS in human glioma cells compared to those in rat is due to interspecies receptor variation rather than impaired drug transport into human cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Chorea Huntington ; Transgene Mäuse ; Exzitoxizität ; CAG-Tripleterkrankungen ; Neurodegeneration ; Key words Huntington's disease ; Transgenic mice ; Exitotoxicity ; CAG-triplet diseases ; Neurodegeneration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Huntington's disease (HD) is member of a growing family of neurodegenerative diseases which are caused by a CAG-Triplet expansion in the coding region of their respective genes. The results of the research of the last years is very suggestive of a common pathomechanisms of all these diseases even though their clinical appearance may be quite different. The development of new animal models by transferring the human gene defect into the mouse genome has led to the finding of so-called intranuclear inclusion bodies. This new observation allowed to come closer to solving the problem how this genetic defect causes neurodegeneration. Recent studies on transgenic HD mice could also demonstrate a possible connection between the genetic defect and glutamate exitotoxicity in the neurodegenerative process of HD which had been emphasized by earlier animal models of the disease. Transgenic animal models of HD will have an important impact on the understanding of the disease mechanisms and may contribute to a faster development and testing of new therapeutic approaches.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Chorea Huntington (CH) ist das bisher am besten erforschte Mitglied einer neuen Familie von autosomal dominanten neurodegenerativen Erbkrankheiten, das durch eine Verlängerung von CAG-Tripletwiederholungen im krankheitsspezifischen Gen verursacht wird. Die molekularbiologischen Erkenntnisse der letzten Jahre weisen darauf hin, daß diesen klinisch unterschiedlich in Erscheinung tretenden Erkrankungen gemeinsame Pathomechanismen zugrunde liegen. Dabei hat vor allem die Schaffung neuer Tiermodelle mit Übertragung der menschlichen Gendefekte auf die Maus und die an diesen Modellen erstmals beschriebene Entstehung intranukleärer Einschlußkörper ermöglicht, der Frage näher zu kommen, wie der Gendefekt zur Neurodegeneration führt. Hierbei lassen neuere Arbeiten an transgenen Mäusen darauf schließen, wie ein Zusammenhang zwischen dem Gendefekt und der aus früheren Modellen der CH bereits vermuteten Bedeutung von Glutamat-Exzitoxizität für die Neurodegeneration hergestellt werden kann. Transgene Mausmodelle der CH werden zukünftig nicht nur bei der Untersuchung pathophysiologischer Mechanismen eine Rolle spielen, sondern möglicherweise auch zur schnelleren Validierung von Therapieansätzen beitragen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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