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  • Triticum aestivum  (1)
  • chelator-buffered nutrient solution  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of Cl on Cd uptake by Swiss chard in nutrient solutions (1996)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 179 (1996), S. 57-64 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Cd2+ activity ; Cd-Cl interaction ; chelator-buffered nutrient solution ; salinity ; speciation ; Swiss chard
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris L., cv. Fordhook Giant) was grown in nutrient solution with Cl concentrations varying between 0.01 mM and 120 mM. Solution Na concentration and ionic strength were maintained in all treatments by compensating with NaNO3. All solutions contained Cd (50 nM, spiked with 109Cd). Three different Cd2+ buffering systems were used. In one experiment, Cd2+ activity was unbuffered; its activity decreased with increased Cl concentration as a result of the formation of CdCln 2−n species. In the other experiments, Cd2+ activity was buffered by the chelator nitrilotriacetate (NTA, 50 μM) and ethylene-bis-(oxyethylenenitrilo)-tetraacetate (EGTA, 50 μM) at about 10−9 M and 10−11 M, respectively. Plant growth was generally unaffected by increasing Cl concentrations in the three experiments. In unbuffered solutions, Cd concentrations in plant tissue decreased significantly (p〈0.01) (approximately 2.4-fold) as solution Cl concentration increased from 0.01 mM to 120 mM. However, this decrease was smaller in magnitude than the 4.7-fold decrease in Cd2+ activity as calculated by the GEOCHEM-PC program for the same range of Cl concentrations. In solutions where Cd2+ activity was buffered by NTA, Cd concentrations in plant tissue increased approximately 1.4-fold with increasing Cl concentration in solution, while the Cd2+ activity was calculated to decrease 1.3-fold. In solutions where Cd2+ activity was buffered by EGTA, Cd concentrations in the roots increased 1.3-fold with increasing Cl concentration in solution but there was no effect of Cl on shoot Cd concentrations. The data suggest that either CdCln 2−nspecies can be taken up by plant roots or that Cl enhances uptake of Cd2+ through enhanced diffusion of the uncomplexed metal to uptake sites.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00011642
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of phosphorus supply to the surface roots of wheat on root extension and rhizosphere chemistry in an acidic subsoil (1991)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 134 (1991), S. 73-82 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: aluminium tolerance ; cation-anion balance ; phosphate translocation ; split-root ; Triticum aestivum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Seedlings of two cultivars of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) differing in tolerance to aluminium (Al) were grown using a split-root sand/soil culture technique. Each culture tube was divided horizontally into a surface (0–150 mm) compartment and a subsurface (150–250 mm) compartment separated by a root-permeable paraffin wax barrier. Thus phosphorus (P) supplied to surface roots could not percolate or diffuse into the soil in the subsurface compartment. The soil in the subsurface compartment was divided into ‘rhizosphere’ and ‘non-rhizosphere’ zones using a porous (5 μm) membrane. Root growth of both cultivars into the subsurface zone was enhanced by increased P supply to surface roots, but did not conform to known relationships between root growth and soil pH, extractable-Al, or pH, Al or P concentrations in soil solution. Concentrations of Al in soil solution in the rhizosphere were greater than those in solution in the bulk soil. Concentrations of Al reactive with pyrocatechol violet (30s-RRAI) in the rhizosphere soil solution were generally greater than those in non-rhizosphere soil. With the Al-sensitive cultivar, root dry weight and length increased as concentrations of RRAl in the rhizosphere soil solution increased. Increased concentrations of Al in rhizosphere soil solutions were not related to the presence of organic ligands in solution. The effect of P in promoting root penetration into the acidic subsurface stratum was not related to differential attainment of maturity by the plant shoots, but appeared to be related to the effect of P in enhancing the rate of root growth. Thus, suboptimal supply of P to the surface roots of a plant, even at levels sufficient to preclude development of nutritional (P) stress symptoms, may seriously reduce tolerance to Al, and hence diminish the ability of roots to penetrate into acidic subsoils.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00010719
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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