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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of plant pathology 101 (1995), S. 431-439 
    ISSN: 1573-8469
    Keywords: comparative epidemiology ; infection efficiency ; monocyclic analysis ; sporulation rate ; Uromyces viciae-fabae ; Vicia faba
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract In controlled near-optimum conditions (18 °C), monocyclic sporulation capacity and spore infection efficiency were assessed for faba bean rust on the first and second leaves of field bean. After a latency period of 8–10 days, lesions sporulated duringc. 50 days. Spore production on the second leaf,c. 9×104 spores per lesion, was two times as high as spore production on the first leaf. Infection efficiency was similar for both leaf layers, with a mean value of 0.11 lesion per inoculated spore. Infection efficiency decreased strongly when spores originated from mother lesions older than 20 days. Three life-table statistics (the net reproduction numberR o , the mean generation timeT g , and the maximum relative growth rater max ) were calculated.R o was larger andT g was longer for the second than for the first leaf, butr max was nearly the same for both leaf layers (0.31–0.33 day−1).r max was compared with the exponential growth rater measured in a field experiment. From the difference between the two rates, the fraction of inoculum lost in field conditions was estimated at 0.54–0.94. The life-table statistics were also compared to those of other legume rusts, and implications of life-table analysis for comparative epidemiology were discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1573-8469
    Keywords: brown rust ; germinability ; infectivity ; maturation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Samenvatting Uredosporen van de bruine roest van tarwe (Puccinia recondita f.sp.tritici) werden over het eerste blad van tarwekiemplanten verstoven. De aldus geïnoculeerde planten werden in een klimaatkamer geplaatst bij vrijwel optimale temperatuur gedurende nul tot negen dagen, teneinde de sporen aan een droge periode bloot te stellen. Deze werd gevolgd door een natte periode (met bladnat) variërend van 2 tot 24 uur om de sporen te laten kiemen. De kiemingsresultaten werden onderworpen aan een variantieanalyse. De effecten van droge periode, natte periode en temperatuur op de kieming waren zeer significant. De interactie tussen de droge periode en de natte periode was weinig significant (P〈0.1). Deze interactie geeft aan dat de kiemkracht van de sporen stijgt (sporenrijping) of daalt (sporendood) al naar gelang de combinatie van uitwendige omstandigheden. Sporenrijping na losmaking uit het sporenhoopje is bij uredosporen van bruine roest een reëel maar grillig verschijnsel, dat zich moeilijk laat meten en voorspellen. De sporenrijping, uitgedrukt als toename van het kiempercentage, wisselt maar is meestal niet omvangrijk. De levensduur van uredosporen, droog en bij ongeveer optimale temperatuur bewaard op tarwebladeren, was ten minste negen dagen. De epidemiologische betekenis van deze resultaten, verkregen uit proeven in klimaatkamers, wordt besproken.
    Notes: Abstract Urediospores ofPuccinia recondita f.sp.tritici were applied to wheat seedlings. Inoculated plants were placed in a growth chamber to expose the spores to dry periods from zero to nine days at near-optimal temperatures. The dry period was followed by a wet period varying from 2 to 24 hours for spore germination. Results were subjected to analysis of variance. The effects of dry period, wet period, and temperature on germination were highly significant. The dry period×wet period interaction was significant atP〈0.1. The interaction implies that germinability of spores increased (ripening) or decreased (dying) according to the conditions. Postdetachment ripening of urediospores ofP. recondita is a real but erratic phenomenon, which is difficult to predict. The magnitude of the ripening phenomenon varied considerably, but on average it was small. Longevity of urediospores on dry wheat leaves at near-optimal temperatures was at least nine days. The epidemiological relevance of these indoor results is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1573-8469
    Keywords: brown rust ; infectivity ; latency period ; pustule formation ; ripening ; rust
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Samenvatting Uredosporen van de bruine roest van tarwe (Puccinia recondita f.sp.tritici) werden over het eerste blad van tarwekiemplanten verstoven. De aldus geïnoculeerde planten werden in een klimaatkamer geplaatst bij ca. 18 °C om de sporen bloot te stellen aan droge perioden van 0 tot 9 dagen. De droge perioden werden gevolgd door natte perioden van 2 tot 24 uur om de sporen te laten kiemen en de planten te infecteren. Na de natte periode werden de planten bij verschillende temperature geplaatst om de latente periode en de vorming van sporenhoopjes te bepalen. De hoofdeffecten op de vorming van sporenhoopjes waren zeer significant: duur van de droge periode, duur van de natte periode en temperatuur. Twee vormen van sporenrijping werden gevonden bij rijping vnn sporen, die los op het blad lagen (rijping, buiten de sporenhoopjes), een langzame rijping tijdens de droge periode en een snelle rijping tijdens de natte periode. Deze twee vormen van rijping vertoonden statistische interactie met enige wederzijdse compensatie. Het effect van deze sporenrijping (buiten de sporenhoopjes) op de infectiviteit van gekiemde sporen was bij 15 °C duidelijker dan bij 18 en 20 °C; het effect was het sterkst tijdens de eerste dag van de droge periode. Bij droge periodes langer dan 6 dagen daalde de infectiviteit, vooral bij de hogere temperaturen.
    Notes: Abstract Urediospores ofPuccinia recondita f.sp.tritici were applied to wheat seedlings. Inoculated plants were placed in a growth chamber to expose the spores to dry periods from zero to nine days at near-optimal temperatures (ca 18 °C). The dry period was followed by a wet period varying from 2 to 24 hours for germination of spores and infection of plants. Infection results were subjected to analysis of variance. The main effects dry period, wet period, and temperature were highly significant. The dry period×wet period interaction was significant. The interaction implied that the effects of post-detachment, ripening of germinable spores appeared in their resulting infectivity. There were two forms of post-detachment ripening, a slow ripening during the dry period and a faster ripening during the wet period. The two forms of ripening showed a non-additive compensatory interaction. The effect of post-detachment ripening on infectivity of germinated spores was more pronounced at 15 than, at 18 or 20 °C; the effect was strongest during the first day of the dry period. At dry periods of over 6 days, infectivity of germinated spores decreased, especially at the higher temperatures. Prolonged exposure, of spores to a dry period apparently damages the spores even though they are still able to germinate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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