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  • Zea mays L.  (2)
  • chronic pancreatitis  (2)
  • insulin  (2)
  • test meal  (2)
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Material
Years
Keywords
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) and insulin in obesity: Increased response to stimulation and defective feedback control of serum levels (1978)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 14 (1978), S. 15-24 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: GIP release ; insulin release ; obesity ; pathological glucose tolerance ; feedback control of GIP secretion ; test meal ; triglyceride ingestion ; oral glucose load
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary To investigate the possibility that an abnormality of the entero-insular axis is responsible for the hyperinsulinaemia of obesity, serum immunoreactive gastric inhibitory polypeptide (IR-GIP) and insulin (IRI) were measured after the ingestion of a liquid mixed test meal, glucose or fat, in normal weight and obese subjects. The latter were divided into a group with normal oral glucose tolerance (nOGT) and a group with pathological glucose tolerance (pOGT). Fasting levels of IR-GIP were significantly elevated in the obese group with pOGT. After the mixed meal the overweight subjects showed a significantly greater response of IR-GIP than the controls, with highest levels in the pOGT group. Simultaneously, the IRI response was significantly greater in the obese subjects than in the controls. The increases of IR-GIP and IRI after an oral load of 100 g glucose were normal in the obese subjects, but showed a significantly greater integrated response in the obese patients with pOGT. The ingestion of 100 g fat induced no IRI release but a significantly greater release of IR-GIP in the obese subjects, irrespective of their glucose tolerance. It is concluded that fat is a stronger releaser of IR-GIP than glucose. The effect of a combined load of glucose (30 g) and fat (100 g) was also compared in obese and normal weight subjects with the effect of either alone. Fat but not glucose released significantly more IR-GIP in obese subjects. In normal weight controls, but not in obese subjects, the IR-GIP release after fat plus glucose became significantly smaller than after fat alone. Since only the combined ingestion of glucose and fat and not fat alone releases insulin it is suggested that endogenous insulin inhibits GIP release and that this feedback control between insulin and GIP is defective in patients with obesity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00429703
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Response of gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIF) to test meal in chronic pancreatitis — Relationship to endocrine and exocrine insufficiency (1976)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 12 (1976), S. 609-612 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: GIP ; gastrin ; insulin ; incretin ; chronic pancreatitis ; test meal ; malassimilation of fat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Twenty-nine patients with chronic pancreatitis had a significantly greater IR-GIP response to a test meal than 15 controls. This increased response was not related to the degree of steatorrhoea or glucose intolerance. It was most marked in a group of patients with moderately impaired IRI release and medium steatorrhoea. From this is concluded that the IR-GIP response to a test meal is determined by at least two factors: 1. feedback control via insulin secretion, 2. assimilation of fat. In chronic pancreatitis endocrine insufficiency may induce an exaggerated GIP response and severe exocrine insufficiency may prevent fat induced GIP release. Gastrin is not involved in the different GIP response in patients with chronic pancreatitis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01220638
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP), gastrin and insulin: Response to test meal in coeliac disease and after duodeno-pancreatectomy (1976)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 12 (1976), S. 279-286 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: GIP ; gastrin ; insulin ; incretin ; coeliac disease ; duodeno-pancreatectomy ; chronic pancreatitis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The response of serum immunoreactive gastric inhibitory polypeptide (IR-GIP), gastrin (IRG) and insulin (IRI) to a mixed standard meal was measured in 15 controls, 6 patients with coeliac disease, 26 patients with chronic pancreatitis and 6 patients with chronic pancreatitis and partial duodenopancreatectomy (Whipple's procedure). Serum levels of IR-GIP, IRG and IRI were significantly reduced in patients with coeliac disease. The serum glucose increase was significantly smaller only during the first hour after the meal. Since small intestinal GIP- and G-cells are situated mainly in the glands of duodenal and jejunal mucosa their absolute number is not significantly reduced in coeliac disease. It is suggested that the release of IR-GIP and duodenal IRG is influenced by the rate of absorption of nutrients. In patients with chronic pancreatitis the IR-GIP release is significantly greater than in controls, the IRG release normal and the IRI response delayed. After Whipple's procedure the IR-GIP response is increased significantly while the IRG secretion is abolished. This demonstrates that the duodenum is not necessary for GIP release and that pancreatic and jejunal gastrin are without clinical significance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00422096
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative evaluation of iron solubilizing substances (phytosiderophores) released by oats and corn: Iron-efficient and iron-inefficient plants (1991)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 130 (1991), S. 157-163 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Avena byzantina C. Koch. ; corn ; grass ; iron efficient ; iron inefficient ; oats ; phytosiderophore ; Zea mays L.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Release of phytosiderophores from barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) in response to Fe-deficiency stress prompted further testing of other graminaceous (grass) species for phytosiderophore release and results have prompted characterization of these plants into a Strategy II designation. This classification denotes an enhanced release of phytosiderophore in response to Fe-deficiency stress with a concomitant uptake of Fe by the plant. The objective of this study was to determine if Fe-inefficient and Fe-efficient corn (Zea mays L.) differ in their release of ‘Fe solubilizing substances’ in response to Fe-deficiency stress. We have not identified the specific structure of these substances but refer to them as ‘phytosiderophores’ to further characterize their behavior. By our indirect method, there was no measurable release of Fe solubilizing substances (phytosiderophores) from either the Fe-efficient WF9 or the Fe-inefficient ys1 corn despite WF9 being greener and apparently more Fe efficient than ys1. Fe-efficient Coker 227 oats (Avena byzantina C. Koch.) has been found to release a phytosiderophore whereas the Fe-inefficient TAM 0-312 does not. Iron-stressed Coker 227 oats released Fe solubilizing substances when grown in the same solution with WF9 corn which resulted in greening and Fe uptake by WF9 corn. Iron efficiency in these two graminaceous species appears to be controlled by different mechanisms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00011870
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Iron-efficient and iron-inefficient oats and corn respond differently to iron-deficiency stress (1991)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 130 (1991), S. 165-172 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Avena byzantina C. Koch. ; BPDS ; corn ; EDDHA ; grasses ; iron-efficient ; iron-inefficient ; oats ; reduction ; Zea mays L.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Iron-efficient (WF9 corn and Coker 227 oat) and Fe-inefficient (ys1 corn and TAM 0–312 oat) cultivars were comparatively tested for their response to Fe-deficiency stress induced by the use of either ferrous or ferric chelators. Corn and oats were grown in 20 μM Fe with 0, 60, and 120 μM BPDS and 40 μM Fe with 0, 120, and 240 μM BPDS and 20 μM Fe with 0 and 40 μM EDDHA. All four cultivars tested, both Fe-efficient and Fe-inefficient, continuously reduced Fe3+ to Fe2+ at a low level as evidenced by the production of Fe2+ (BPDS)3 in test nutrient solutions over time. Severity of chlorosis increased as more BPDS was added to the nutrient solutions for both WF9 and ys1 corn, but unlike corn, Coker 227 and TAM 0-312 oats were both able to obtain Fe from the Fe2+ (BPDS)3 complex and were less chlorotic as a result. In short-term (4-hour) in vivo measurements, iron-stressed WF9 (Fe-efficient) corn reduced more Fe3+ to Fe2+ than similarly stressed ys1 corn, Coker 227 oat or TAM 0-312 oat. Thus, at the same time that Fe-efficient WF9 corn reduces more Fe than the other cultivars, it is also unable to compete with BPDS for that Fe in the nutrient solution. These differences coupled with the observation that only Coker 227 oat produced measureable iron solubilizing substances (phytosiderophores) suggest that these two species differ in their mechanisms for obtaining Fe during Fe-deficiency stress.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00011871
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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