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  • beet armyworm  (2)
  • animal cell  (1)
  • baculovirus expression  (1)
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Feeding and dispersion of Spodoptera exigua larvae and its relevance for control with a nuclear polyhedrosis virus (1987)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 43 (1987), S. 67-72 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Schlagwort(e): Spodoptera exigua ; beet armyworm ; Noctuidae ; larval behaviour ; glasshouse crops ; nuclear polyhedrosis virus
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Résumé La consommation et la dispersion des chenilles de Spodoptera exigua sont examinées sur chrysanthèmes et tomates de serre. Les adults déposent les oeufs généralement au feuilles près du sol. Apres l'éclosion les chenilles graduellement se mouvent en haute dans les chrysanthèmes et consomment principalement les feuilles les plus hautes. Dans tomate, cependant, les chenilles s'alimentent principalement au feuilles près du sol. Pendant leur dévelopment les chenilles originaires d'une seule pond de 35 oeufs peuvent endommager environ go petits ou so hautes crysanthè mes. Jusqu'à la quatrième stade larvale les chenilles s'alimentent principalement avec le surface inférieure des feuilles, sans consommer l'épiderme supérieure. Les cinq stades larvales contribuent respectivement 0,1, 0,4, 4, 20 et 75% a la consommation totale des feuilles de chrysanthème. Les resultats des expériments sur la conduite larvale suggestent que les viruses de la polyédrose nucléaire doivent être appliqués préférablement sur la face inférieure des feuilles bas de chrysanthème et de tomate avant que les chenilles se développent a la troisième stade larvale. Quand les larves sur chrysanthèmes sont déja dans le troisième stade larvale, application du virus sur les feuilles plus haute probablement donnait des resultats optimal.
    Notizen: Abstract On chrysanthemum crops the larvae of the beet armyworm Spodoptera exigua (Hübner) (Lep.: Noctuidae) moved upwards to the top of plants after hatching and predominantly fed on the upper foliage layers. On tomato, however, the larvae did not move upwards and mainly fed on the lower leaves. On chrysanthemums up to the fourth instar most feeding occurred at the underside of foliage while the upper-epidermis remained intact. Larvae dispersing from a single egg batch of 35 eggs damaged about 90 small and 50 tall chrysanthemum plants during their development. The successive larval stages contributed respectively 0.1, 0.4, 4, 20 and 75 percent to the total foliage consumption. The results indicated that the virus preferably should be applied to the lower leaves of tomatoes and chrysanthemums when young instars are present, but to the upper-middle and top leaves of chrysanthemums when the larvae are older than second instars.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00350377
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Nuclear polyhedrosis virus for control of Spodoptera exigua larvae on glasshouse crops (1987)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 43 (1987), S. 73-80 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Schlagwort(e): nuclear polyhedrosis virus ; Spodoptera exigua ; beet armyworm ; biological control ; Noctuidae ; glasshouse crops
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Résumé Les résultats d'applications d'un virus de la polyédrose nucléaire contre des populations de chenilles de Spodoptera exigua sont examinés dans des chrysanthèmes, gerberas, kalanchoës et tomates. Une dose de 1×108 PIBs/m2 résulte à 95–100% mortalité larvale dans tous les végétaux. L'effet sur chemilles de première et seconde stade larvale et sur chenilles de troisième et quatrième stade larvale était pareille. Malgré le niveau élevé du mortalité larvale les végéteaux étaient damagés sérieusement, particulièrement quand le virus était appliqué contre des chenilles de troisième et quatrième stade larvale. Comparée avec des pesticides chimiques, méthomyl et diflubenzuron, applications de virus résultent à un mortalité larvale plus haute. Le conclusion était que le virus est un candidat sérieus pour l'utilisation dans le lutte biologique contre les chenilles de S. exigua dans des serres en Pays Bas.
    Notizen: Abstract the efficacy of a nuclear polyhedrosis virus, SeNPV, for controlling larval populations of the beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua (Noctuidae) was studied in chrysanthemum, gerbera, kalanchoë and tomato crops in glasshouses. Applications of 1×108 PIBs/m2 on the various crops resulted in 95–100% larval mortality. Virus applications caused comparable levels of mortality in populations of early and late instar larvae. Reduction in feeding damage to the crops, however, was more pronounced when the larvae were early instars at the time of virus application. Single applications with the virus resulted in higher levels of larval mortality as double applications with 0.1% methomyl and diflubenzuron. The virus appears to be a potential control agent for the beet armyworm in Dutch glasshouses.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00350378
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Biophysical and biochemical properties of baculovirus-expressed CaMV P1 protein (1992)
    Springer
    Virus genes 6 (1992), S. 5-18 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-994X
    Schlagwort(e): CaMV movement protein ; protein characterization ; baculovirus expression
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) gene I encodes a protein (P1) that has been implicated in the control of virus movement in infected plants. To assist in the characterization of the mechanism of action of P1, gene I has been expressed efficiently inSpodoptera frugiperda (Sf) cells using recombinant baculovirus. Control of the expression of CaMV gene I by the polyhedrin late promotor in the baculovirusAutographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (AcNPV) resulted in very high levels of P1 accumulation late in the infection cycle. This was predominantly as insoluble inclusion bodies within the cytoplasm of infected Sf cells, and not extracellularly. Evidence from anomalous gel migration and sequence homology with an analogous viral protein (tobacco mosaic virus 30K) indicated that P1 may be post-translationally processed. However, neither phosphorylation nor glycosylation of P1 occurred in this system, suggesting a functional distinction between P1 and TMV 30K. P1 from insect cells and native P1 from infected plants were immunologically related, allowing the expressed product to be used in the preparation of anti-P1 serum for detecting P1 in plant extracts. The full-size (46 kD) P1 product from insect cells, from plants, and from in vitro translations of in vitro gene I transcripts all showed similar behavior on two-dimensional protein gels, with a major pI of 7.0. Using a combination of 4 M urea, 1 M NaCl, and high temperature, P1 was solubilized. Approximately 5% of the starting material remained in solution after dialysis and remained stable to freeze/thawing. This preparation should enable us to identify the biochemical function of P1 and to resolve its role in controlling virus spread.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01703753
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Oxygen gradients in small and big sparged insect-cell bioreactors (1996)
    Springer
    Cytotechnology 20 (1996), S. 231-238 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0778
    Schlagwort(e): air lift ; animal cell ; bubble column ; design ; oxygen gradients ; scaleup ; stirred vessel ; CSTR
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Conclusions It should be clear from the above that the calculations described here are at best rough estimations yielding order-of-magnitude values. Even though, the following general conclusions can be drawn. The gradients in stagnant layers surrounding the particles which are characteristic for animal-cell bioreactors are relatively small as compared to the gradients which can be expected in the bulk-liquid phases of the three bioreactors considered, in particular to the gradients in the stagnant layer surrounding the air bubbles. It can be concluded that under almost all circumstances gradients are likely to exist and can be very steep in larger vessels and in particular at high cell densities. The effects of gradients, however, are largely unknown; therefore research on the effects of gradients on specific and volumetric productivities and product quality seems to be an interesting area.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00350403
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