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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hsp27 overexpression inhibits doxorubicin–induced apoptosis in human breast cancer cells (1999)
    Springer
    Breast cancer research and treatment 56 (1999), S. 185-194 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7217
    Keywords: apoptosis ; breast cancer ; doxorubicin ; hsp27 ; topoisomerase II
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Previously we demonstrated that heat shock protein 27 (hsp27) overexpression confers resistance to the chemotherapeutic agent doxorubicin in MDA–MB–231 breast cancer cells. Since induction of apoptosis is one underlying mechanism of chemotherapeutic drug action, we investigated the effect of hsp27 overexpression on doxorubicin–induced apoptosis, finding that hsp27 protects MDA–MB–231 cells from apoptosis. We also examined expression of the doxorubicin target, topoisomerase II (topo II), in control and hsp27–overexpressing stable transfectants, as topo II expression is important for both drug sensitivity and the initiation of apoptosis by doxorubicin. The relative levels of both topo IIα and β were higher in the controls than the hsp27–overexpressing clones, suggesting that the apoptotic protective effect of hsp27 overexpression in MDA–MB–231 cells is associated with altered topo II expression.abstract
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006207009260
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heat shock proteins and drug resistance (1994)
    Springer
    Breast cancer research and treatment 32 (1994), S. 67-71 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7217
    Keywords: doxorubicin ; drug resistance ; heat shock ; hsp27 ; hsp70 ; prognosis ; stress response
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Heat shock proteins (hsp's) are induced in cells when exposed to different environmental stressful conditions. We have found that breast cancer cells sometimes express high levels of several hsp's, which may both augment the aggressiveness of these tumors and make them more resistant to treatment. We have shown that hsp70 is an ominous prognostic sign as detected by Western blot assays in node-negative breast tumors, and that hsp27 increases specific resistance to doxorubicin in breast cancer cell lines. These findings have direct clinical application, and suggest that modulating hsp expression may be a therapeutic target for reversal of hsp-associated detrimental cellular effects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00666207
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prognostic significance of PAI-1 and uPA in cytosolic extracts obtained from node-positive breast cancer patients (1997)
    Springer
    Breast cancer research and treatment 43 (1997), S. 153-163 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7217
    Keywords: breast cancer ; uPA ; PAI-1 ; prognosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Cancer cell invasion is accomplished by the concertedaction of several extracellular proteolytic enzyme systems, oneof which is the urokinase plasminogen activation system.The different components of this system, e.g. urokinaseplasminogen activator (uPA), its receptor uPAR, as wellas its main inhibitor plasminogen activator inhibitor type1 (PAI-1) have all been shown to haveprognostic value in breast cancer, i.e. high tumorlevels are associated with a poor prognosis.In orderto further substantiate the prognostic value of uPAand PAI-1, we have tested the cutpoints (medianvalues and optimized cutpoints) from our first study(Cancer Res 53: 2513–2521, 1993) in an independentgroup of breast cancer patients. Breast cancer cytosolsfrom 100 premenopausal and 150 post-menopausal node positivepatients were included. The median observation time was80 months (range 49–145). Univariate analysis showed thathigh PAI-1 levels (above the median PAI-1 value)were significantly associated with short recurrence-free survival (RR:1.65; 95% CI: 1.04–2.63; P=0.03) andshort overall survival (RR: 2.46; 95% CI: 1.52–3.96;P=0.0001) in postmenopausal patients. Postmenopausal patientswith high uPA levels (above the median uPAvalue) had a significantly shorter recurrence-free survival (RR:2.04; 95% CI: 1.17–3.56; P=0.01) andoverall survival (RR: 2.07; 95% CI: 1.16–3.70; P= 0.01) than patients with low uPA values.Nearly identical results were obtained when using theoptimized PAI-1 or uPA value.In a Cox multivariateanalysis which included other established prognostic factors, highPAI-1 was found to be an independent prognosticvariable predicting short overall survival with a relativerisk of 2.27 in postmenopausal women, and highuPA was found to be an independent prognosticvariable predicting short recurrence-free survival with a relativerisk of 1.86 in postmenopausal women. The presentstudy indicates that uPA and PAI-1 are independentand significant prognostic variables in subsets of breastcancer patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005744914124
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Igf system components as prognostic markers in breast cancer (1998)
    Springer
    Breast cancer research and treatment 47 (1998), S. 295-302 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7217
    Keywords: IGF ; breast cancer ; prognosis ; IGFBP ; treatment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) family of ligands, receptors, and binding proteins can regulate breast cancer cell proliferation in vitro, and interruption of these pathways inhibits IGF-mediated cell proliferation. If the IGF family members are key regulators of breast cancer growth and progression in vivo, we would expect their expression to be an indicator of the prognosis of the disease. Thus, measurement of IGF expression may provide an indicator of the growth effect within a tumor, and provide new targets for treatment of the disease. In this review we will summarize the data generated thus far indicating that IGF family members are indicators of prognosis of breast cancer, and that measurement of the whole IGF family in concert may provide useful information for treatment strategies of breast cancer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005915420341
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A demonstration that breast cancer recurrence can be predicted by Neural Network analysis (1992)
    Springer
    Breast cancer research and treatment 21 (1992), S. 47-53 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7217
    Keywords: neural networks ; breast cancer ; prognosis ; survival analysis ; Cox regression
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Neural Network Analysis, a form of artificial intelligence, was successfully used to predict the clinical outcome of node-positive breast cancer patients. A Neural Network was trained to predict clinical outcome using prognostic information from 1008 patients. During training, the network received as input information tumor hormone receptor status, DNA index and S-phase determination by flow cytometry, tumor size, number of axillary lymph nodes involved with tumor, and age of the patient, as well as lengtl of clinical followup, relapse status, and time of relapse. The ability of the trained Network to determine relapse probability was then validated in a separate set of 960 patients. The Neural Network was as powerful as Cox Regression Modeling inidentifying breast cancer patients at high and low risk for relapse.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01811963
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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