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  • bile salts  (1)
  • hepatopancreas  (1)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1573-5168
    Keywords: phospholipase A2 ; digestive enzyme ; ontogeny ; red sea bream ; hepatopancreas ; intestine ; pyloric caeca ; immunocytochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract We have studied the location and the ontogeny of the digestive enzyme, phospholipase A2 (PLA2) immunohistochemically in the adult and larvae/juvenile of the red sea breamPagrus major by using an antiserum against theNaja naja venom PLA2. The antiserum reacts with at least one enzyme among the PLA2s purified from the fish hepatopancreas or intestine. Although the reactivities were comparatively low, it labelled zymogen granules of the pancreatic acinar cells and secretory materials of certain epithelial cells in the depths of epithelial crypts in the pyloric caeca of the adult. The immunoreactivities of PLA2s were investigated in the viscera of larvae and juveniles of the 0 to 85th day after hatch. In the larvae of the 13th day, accumulation of PLA2-positive zymogen granules in the pancreatic acinar cells were first recognized by the immunostaining. The intensity of the labelling subsequently became stronger and dramatically increased between the 20th and 30th day. This increase appeared to be one of the physiological changes associated with the transition to a new benthic life as juveniles. Lack of PLA2 in the pancreas before the 13th day may suggest the possibility that larvae utilized exogenous PLA2, inherent in their prey, to digest the phospholipids. On the other hand, no reactivity was found in the intestine until the 85th day.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1573-5168
    Keywords: phospholipase A2 ; red sea bream ; pyloric caeca ; phosphatidylcholine ; bile salts ; calcium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A phospholipase A2 was purified 55,000-fold in a yield of 10% from the lipid-free extract of powder of the pyloric caeca of red sea bream to near homogeneity by sequential column chromatography on S-sepharose fast flow, butyl-cellulofine, Asahipak ES-502C cation-exchange HPLC, TSK gel G3000SW gel-filtration HPLC, and Asahipak ODP-50 reversed-phase HPLC. The final preparation showed a single band with the apparent molecular mass of 14 kDa by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and an estimated specific activity was 717 µmol min-1 mg-1 protein. The purified enzyme had a pH optimum in the range of pH 8.0–9.0 and required the presence of both 8 mM of Ca2+ and from 2 to 10 mM of sodium deoxycholate for its maximal activity, using 2 mM of phosphatidylcholine as a substrate. The purified enzyme preferentially hydrolyzed the 2-acyl ester bonds of both phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylcholine in the presence of sodium deoxycholate, followed in order by phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidyl-serine. In contrast to porcine pancreatic PLA2, pyloric caeca PLA2 hydrolyzed mixed-micellar phosphatidylcholine substrate effectively, regardless of the kinds of bile salts used. These results indicate that Ca2+-dependent low molecular mass PLA2, so called secretory PLA2, occurs in the pyloric caeca of red sea beam.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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