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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of inorganic and organometallic polymers and materials 7 (1997), S. 163-181 
    ISSN: 1572-8870
    Keywords: cis-Diaminedichloroplatinum(II) ; polyamide carriers ; main-chain platination ; water-solubility
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract As a follow-up study to previous work involving the platination of polyamide carriers through metal chelation by side group-incorporated ethylenediamine ligands, the present investigation is concerned with the synthesis of platinum-containing polymers in which the metal-coordinating ethylenediamine segments are components of the main chain. Two chloro groups in cis geometry are attached to each Pt atom as additional ligands, complementing a square-planar cis-diaminedichloroplatinum(II) complex system. The water-soluble polymeric carriers are synthesized by Michael-type addition polymerization, interfacial polymerization, and high-temperature solution polycondensation techniques and are crudely fractionated by stepwise aqueous dialysis, ultimately in tubing with a molecular mass cutoff of 25,000. Carrier platination is brought about by treatment with tetrachloroplatinate(II) anion in aqueous solution, care being taken to exercise strict control of reaction variables and workup conditions in an effort to restrict platination to the given ligands and avoid metal aquation or hydroxylation. The platinum conjugates, with Pt contents ranging from about 11 to 23% by mass, are completely soluble in aqueous media when freshly prepared, although long-term storage at room temperature in the solid state is conducive to gradual loss of solubility. The conjugates are of interest as carcinostatic agents.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of inorganic and organometallic polymers and materials 8 (1998), S. 225-236 
    ISSN: 1572-8870
    Keywords: Polymer–ferrocene conjugates ; N-succinimidyl 4-ferrocenylbutanoate ; polyamide carriers ; intrachain anchoring sites
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract It is the objective of this project to synthesize polymer–ferrocene conjugates from macromolecular carriers in which the “anchoring” sites are main-chain constituents, thus contrasting with previously described conjugates featuring side-chain terminals as anchoring sites. To this end, earlier-developed polyamide carriers containing secondary amino groups in the main chain are treated with the active N-succinimidyl ester of 4-ferrocenylbutanoic acid in DMF solution. Molar feed ratios are chosen so as to favor the incorporation of a single ferrocenyl group per recurring unit. The water-soluble, microanalytically and spectroscopically characterized conjugates are of interest as antiproliferative agents in cancer research.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of inorganic and organometallic polymers and materials 9 (1999), S. 221-230 
    ISSN: 1572-8870
    Keywords: Polymer–ferrocene conjugates ; ester link ; bioactivity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Ferrocene, the parent of the metallocene family of organotransition metal compounds, has come to occupy a significant niche in cancer research. Developmental work in the authors' laboratory has been focused on the synthesis of antiproliferative ferrocene conjugates in which the bioactive ferrocene unit is covalently, yet bioreversibly bound (anchored) to water-soluble carrier polymers designed in accordance with requisite biomedical specifications. The anchoring link in most of these conjugates has been an aliphatic spacer containing the biofissionable amide group. In this communication the synthesis of a class of ferrocene conjugates is reported in which the ferrocene group is carrier-anchored through spacers containing an ester link, of interest here because of potentially different drug release behavior. The carriers are polyamides equipped with variously spaced hydroxyl side groups, to which the ferrocenylation agent, 4-ferrocenylbutanoic acid, is connected through esterification. The coupling reactions, mediated by carbodiimide agent and catalyzed by 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine, are carried out in DMF at temperatures not exceeding 65°C, and the water-soluble product polymers are isolated in yields of typically 70–85% by precipitation, aqueous dialysis, and freeze-drying. With the molar feed ratios chosen in these coupling experiments, the incorporation of ferrocene, assessed by 1H NMR spectroscopy, corresponds to iron contents of roughly 2.5–5.5%, by mass. The conjugates will be included in a forthcoming bioactivity screening program.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Applied Organometallic Chemistry 12 (1998), S. 793-799 
    ISSN: 0268-2605
    Keywords: anticancer ; antineoplastic ; ferrocene/ferricenium ; biological redox ; free radical ; polyaspartamide ; tumor ; Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The ferrocene/ferricenium redox system plays a significant role in biological oxidation, reduction and free-radical reactions. Of particular interest are the findings of earlier investigations which showed certain water-soluble ferricenium salts to possess appreciable antiproliferative activity against various murine tumor lines and a xenografted human colorectal adenocarcinoma. Solubility in water, a prerequisite for efficacious transport and dissipation in central circulation, was then proposed as a principal requirement for the ferrocene complex system to exert antineoplastic activity irrespective of the oxidation state in which it is administered. In order to shed more light on this question, we decided to investigate the antiproliferative properties of polymer-ferrocene conjugates containing the metal complex in the non-oxidized (ferrocene) form while fulfilling the critical requirement of water solubility. To this end, five selected, water-soluble conjugates, synthesized by reversible coupling of 4-ferrocenylbutanoic acid to variously structured polyaspartamides featuring pendant primary amino groups as coupling sites, were tested in vitro against cultured HeLa cells at concentrations up to 50 µg Fe ml-1. Optimal antiproliferative activities, with IC50 in the range of 2-7 µg Fe ml-1, were determined for three compounds possessing tertiary-amine functions susceptible to protonation at physiological pH. Lower activities (IC50 = 45-60 µg Fe ml-1) were demonstrated for two poly(ethylene oxide)-containing conjugates. However, no reasonable structure-performance relationships can be derived at this stage from the small number of compounds tested. Copyright © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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