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  • bioremediation  (2)
  • high temperature  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The sulfidation of pure Co, Y, and of a Co-15 wt.% Y alloy in H2-H2S mixtures at 600–800°C (1997)
    Springer
    Oxidation of metals 48 (1997), S. 243-262 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4889
    Keywords: cobalt-yttrium ; alloys ; high temperature ; sulfidation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The corrosion of pure Co and Y and of a Co-15 wt.% Y alloy in H2-H2S mixtures providing a sulfur pressure of 10−8 atm. at 600–800°C and also of 10−7 atm. at 800°C was was studied to examine the effect of yttrium on the sulfidation resistance of pure cobalt. The alloy was nearly single phase, containing mostly the intermetallic compound Co17Y2 plus a small amount of cobalt solid-solution. For all conditions except for 800°C under 10−8 atm. S2, the alloy formed multilayered scales consisting of an outer region of pure cobalt sulfide, an intermediate region of a mixture of cobalt sulfide with yttrium oxysulfide and finally an innermost layer of a mixture of yttrium oxysu fide with cobalt metal. At 800°C under 10−8 atm. S2, below the dissociation pressure of cobalt sulfide, the alloy formed only a single layer composed of a mixture of metallic cobalt with yttrium oxysulfide. Pure yttrium produced only the oxysulfide Y2O2S, as a result of the large stability of this compound and of the presence of some impurities in the gas mixtures used. The corrosion kinetics were generally rather complex, but except at 800°C under 10−8 atm. S2, the addition of yttrium reduced the sulfidation rate of cobalt, even though the formation of a continuous protective external layer of a pure yttrium compound was never achieved. Finally, when the gas-phase sulfur pressure was above the dissociation of cobalt sulfide the corrosion rate of yttrium was significantly lower than that of Co-15 Y. The internal sulfidation of Y in Co-15 Y was not associated with depletion of Y in the alloy. This difusionless kind of internal attack is typical of binary A-B alloys presenting a very small solubility of the most-reactive component B in the base metal A, which restricts severely the flux of B from the alloy toward the alloy-scale interface.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01670502
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The air oxidation of two-phase Cu-Ag alloys at 650–750°C (1997)
    Springer
    Oxidation of metals 47 (1997), S. 21-52 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4889
    Keywords: copper ; silver ; high temperature ; oxidation ; two-phase alloys
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The corrosion of three two phase Cu-Ag alloys containing 25, 50, and 75 wt% Ag has been studied at 650 and 750°C. In all cases the alloys formed external scales of copper oxides. At the same time, an internal precipitation of Cu2O within a silver matrix was also produced, with an oxide volume fraction larger for the alloys richer in Cu. Beneath this mixed layer a region of single-phase solid solution of Cu in silver formed for Cu-50Ag and especially for Cu-75Ag. Silver metal remained in the metal-consumption zone, acting essentially as an inert marker, except for a few particles with were incorporated into the growing scales. Both pure Cu and the alloys corroded parabolically, but the rate constants for the alloys decreased with increased Ag content under constant temperature. The various aspects of the corrosion of these alloys are examined by taking into account the possible effects associated with the presence of two metal phases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01682370
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Degradation of biphenyl by methanogenic microbial consortium (1999)
    Springer
    Biotechnology letters 21 (1999), S. 741-745 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6776
    Keywords: anaerobic microbial consortium ; biodegradation ; bioremediation ; biphenyl ; p-cresol
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Biphenyl was readily degraded and mineralized to CO2 and CH4 by a PCB-dechlorinating anaerobic microbial consortium. Degradation occurred when biphenyl was supplied as a sole source of carbon or as a co-metabolic substrate together with glucose and methanol. p-Cresol was detected and confirmed by mass spectroscopy as a transient intermediate. Production of 14 C-CO2 and 14C-CH4 from 14C-biphenyl was observed in the approximate ratio of 1:2. The results indicated the existence of novel pathways for biphenyl degradation in a natural anaerobic microbial community.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005586926683
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reductive dechlorination of PCB-contaminated raisin river sediments by anaerobic microbial granules (1997)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 55 (1997), S. 182-190 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: dechlorination ; bioremediation ; PCBs ; sediments ; anaerobic granules ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB)-dechlorinating anaerobic microbial consortium, developed in a granular form, demonstrated extensive dechlorination of PCBs present in Raisin River sediments at room (20° to 22°C) and at a relatively low (12°C) temperature. Highly chlorinated PCB congeners were dechlorinated and less chlorinated compounds were produced. The homolog comparison showed that tri-, tetra-, penta-, hexa-, and heptachlorobiphenyl compounds decreased significantly, and mono- and dichlorobiphenyl compounds increased. After 32 weeks of incubation at 12°C, the predominant less chlorinated products included 2-, 4-, 2-2/26-, 24-, 2-4-, 24-2-, 26-2-, and 26-4-CB. Among these, 24- and 24-2-CB did not accumulate at room temperature, suggesting a further dechlorination of these congeners. Predominantly meta dechlorination (i.e., pattern M) was catalyzed by the microbial consortium in the granules. Dechlorination in the control studies without granules was not extensive. This study is the first demonstration of enhanced reductive dechlorination of sediment PCBs by an exogenous anaerobic microbial consortium. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biotechnol Bioeng 55: 182-190, 1997.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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