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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Community-based intervention programs for trachoma control (1988)
    Springer
    International ophthalmology 12 (1988), S. 19-23 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2630
    Keywords: drug therapy ; health education ; intervention ; trachoma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Trachoma continues to be a leading cause of blindness largely confined to developing countries. Trachoma control programs have primarily been oriented to drug therapy, an approach which may be successful if it is community-based. However, the costs to ensure long-term success are substantial. Community-based health education approaches to reduce risk factors currently provide the most promising approach for long-term trachoma control.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00133776
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Onchocerciasis — A potential revolution in its treatment (1987)
    Springer
    International ophthalmology 11 (1987), S. 83-85 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2630
    Keywords: onchocerciasis ; treatment ; ivermectin ; vector control
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Onchocerciasis is a major blinding disease affecting at least 28 million people in Africa and Latin America. Although a large-scale vector control program has been highly successful in limiting transmission of infection in West Africa, there has not been a satisfactory form of treatment available for those already infected or those living in other areas. Despite the fact that two drugs, diethylcarbamazine and suramin, are active against the filarial parasite that causes onchocerciasis, their use is severely limited by their toxicity and the reaction they induce. A newly developed drug, ivermectin, appears to offer a major revolution in the treatment of onchocerciasis. In a series of clinical trials, ivermectin has been shown to be an extremely effective microfilaricide which induces only minimal side effects. Ivermectin is given as a single oral dose which can be repeated on an annual basis. In view of its safety and efficacy and its ease of administration, it seems likely that ivermectin will be suitable for use in mass chemotherapy programs against onchocerciasis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00136735
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Onchocerciasis (1990)
    Springer
    International ophthalmology 14 (1990), S. 189-194 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2630
    Keywords: onchocerciasis ; blindness ; ivermectin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Onchocerciasis is a devastating blinding disease caused by the parasite Onchocerca volvulus that infects about 80 million people, causing blindness and visual impairment in 1–2 million people. In hyperendemic areas, more than half of the population will become blind from onchocerciasis before they die. Blindness is the most important effect of the disease and results, in part, from direct invasion of the eye by microfilariae. The recent development of ivermectin has revolutionized our ability to treat this disease. An annual oral dose of only 150 mg/kg completely suppresses the disease manifestations. Programs for the community-based mass distribution of ivermectin are now being conducted and promise to control this major blinding scourge.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00158317
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prevalence and causes of vision loss in central Tanzania (1991)
    Springer
    International ophthalmology 15 (1991), S. 123-129 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2630
    Keywords: blindness ; cataracts ; corneal opacity ; Tanzania ; trachoma ; visual impairment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A population-based survey of the prevalence of major blinding disorders was conducted in three villages in central Tanzania. Overall, 1827 people overthe age of seven years old were examined. In those age seven and older, the prevalence of bilateral blindness (visual acuity in the better eye of 〈3/60) was 1.26% and monocular blindness (visual acuity of 〈3/60 in one eye) was 4.32% and the prevalence of visual impairment (visual acuity 〈6/18 but ≥3/60 in both eyes was 1.04% and in one eye was 1.75%. Corneal opacities were responsible for 44% of bilateral and 39% of monocular blindness and resulted from trachoma, measles often in association with Vitamin A deficiency, keratoconjunctivitis, and the use of traditional eye medicines. Cataracts accounted for 22% of bilateral and 6% of monocular blindness. Readily preventable or reversible causes of blindness were responsible for 65% of cases of bilateral and 46% of monocular blindness.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01046432
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prevalence and causes of vision loss in central Tanzania (1991)
    Springer
    International ophthalmology 15 (1991), S. 123-129 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2630
    Keywords: blindness ; cataracts ; corneal opacity ; Tanzania ; trachoma ; visual impairment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A population-based survey of the prevalence of major blinding disorders was conducted in three villages in central Tanzania. Overall, 1827 people overthe age of seven years old were examined. In those age seven and older, the prevalence of bilateral blindness (visual acuity in the better eye of 〈3/60) was 1.26% and monocular blindness (visual acuity of 〈3/60 in one eye) was 4.32% and the prevalence of visual impairment (visual acuity 〈6/18 but ≥3/60 in both eyes was 1.04% and in one eye was 1.75%. Corneal opacities were responsible for 44% of bilateral and 39% of monocular blindness and resulted from trachoma, measles often in association with Vitamin A deficiency, keratoconjunctivitis, and the use of traditional eye medicines. Cataracts accounted for 22% of bilateral and 6% of monocular blindness. Readily preventable or reversible causes of blindness were responsible for 65% of cases of bilateral and 46% of monocular blindness.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00224465
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Etiology of corneal opacification in central Tanzania (1993)
    Springer
    International ophthalmology 17 (1993), S. 47-51 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2630
    Keywords: blindness ; corneal opacification ; keratoconjunctivitis ; measles ; trachoma ; vitamin A deficiency
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The frequency and causes of visually significant corneal opacification in central Tanzania was assessed by a population-based survey. The overall prevalence of bilateral corneal opacification was 1.16% (95% CI 0.31–1.44) and unilateral corneal opacification was 2.07% (95% CI 1.55–2.73). Bilateral corneal opacification was most frequently associated with trachoma, keratoconjunctivitis, vitamin A deficiency and measles. Unilateral corneal opacification had similar causes with the addition of cases caused by trauma. Corneal scarring is a frequent occurence in this region. The majority of cases of corneal opacification are secondary to potentially preventable or treatable causes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00918868
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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