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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sequestration of cardenolides inOncopeltus fasciatus: Morphological and physiological adaptations (1986)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 12 (1986), S. 1171-1187 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Hemiptera Heteroptera ; Lygaeidae ; Oncopeltus fasciatus ; Asclepiadaceae ; cardenolides ; sequestration ; morphological adaptations ; physiological adaptations
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The morphological and physiological adaptations associated with sequestration of cardenolides by the lygaeidOncopeltus fasciatus are summarized and discussed. Cardenolides are efficiently accumulated inO. fasciatus; however, the insect does not appear to suffer any physiological cost as a result of handling large amounts of these plant toxins. Morphological adaptations of the insect include a modified integument composed of a double layered epidermis with an inner layer (the dorsolateral space) specialized for cardenolide storage. Special weak areas of the cuticle are found on both the thorax and abdomen, which rupture when the insect is squeezed, resulting in the cardenolide-rich contents of the inner epidermal layer being released onto the body surface in the form of discrete spherical droplets. Physiological adaptations include selective sequestration of food plant cardenolides, concentration of cardenolides in the dorsolateral space, passive uptake of cardenolides at the gut and dorsolateral space requiring little energy output, reabsorption of secreted cardenolides by the Malpighian tubules, high in vivo tolerance to cardenolides, and the presence of cardenolide-resistant Na,K-ATPases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01639003
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Variation in cardenolide content of the lygaeid bugs,Oncopeltus fasciatus andLygaeus kalmii kalmii and of their milkweed hosts (Asclepias spp.) in central California (1977)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 3 (1977), S. 613-624 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Variation in cardenolides ; Oncopeltus fasciatus ; Lygaeus kalmii kalmii ; milkweeds ; Asclepias ; chemical defense
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract A colorimetric assay was used to quantify the amount of cardenolides in the lygaeid bugsOncopeltus fasciatus andLygaeus kalmii kalmii and their milkweed host plants (Asclepias spp.) in central California. The cardenolide content of individual insects, determined in microgram equivalents of digitoxin, varied from zero to over 300 μg per insect. Sources of variation of cardenolide content in the insects include interspecific and intraspecific differences in the content of the host plant species and also differences in the content of plant organs on which insects were feeding. This last source of variability may explain temporal variation in the cardenolide content of the insects. Adults ofO. fasciatus, which migrate into California in the late spring and early summer, and adults ofL. k. kalmii, which emerge from winter hibernacula in the early spring, contained small to immeasureable amounts of cardenolides. The colonization pattern ofO. fasciatus on species ofAsclepias in north central California suggests that this species does not maximize its opportunities to sequester large quantities of cardenolides from potential hosts. The emetic potential of lygaeids in California to vertebrate predators is briefly discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00988061
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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