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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Differential regulation of glomerular gelatinase B (MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) in obese Zucker rats (1997)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 40 (1997), S. 1035-1043 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Schlagwort(e): Keywords Glomerulosclerosis ; matrix metalloproteinase ; tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases ; obese Zucker rat.
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The obese Zucker rat represents a model of obesity combined with insulin resistance and hyperlipidaemia, which over a period of several months develops spontaneous glomerulosclerosis. The present study addressed the question as to whether glomerular sclerosis was associated with alterations in the degradation of matrix components. In the early phase (up to 6 months) glomeruli from obese rats displayed increased total collagen content (+ 64 %) and decreased gelatinolytic activity (− 34 %) as compared to lean control animals. This decline in glomerular gelatinolytic activity was due to a reduction in gelatinase B [matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9]. Glomerular MMP-9 mRNA was reduced 4.6 ± 0.6-fold (n = 3; p 〈 0.05), MMP-9 protein was not detectable by Western blotting and MMP-9 activity was considerably suppressed in gelatin zymograms. MMP-2, in terms of mRNA expression and activity, was unchanged. Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP)-1 mRNA expression, TIMP-1 protein (immunohistochemistry) and TIMP-1 activity (reverse zymography) were enhanced in glomeruli from obese rats, while TIMP-2 mRNA remained unchanged. Moreover, mRNA for the α1 IV collagen chain was 2.1 ± 0.8-fold higher in glomeruli isolated from obese animals (n = 3; p 〈 0.05). These findings indicate that matrix expansion in glomeruli from obese Zucker rats is due to both enhanced synthesis of matrix components as well as reduced degradation by matrix metalloproteinases. Apparently the latter effect is based on a reduction in MMP-9 and up-regulation of its inhibitor TIMP-1. [Diabetologia (1997) 40: 1035–1043]
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001250050785
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Numerical Experience with a Reduced Hessian Method for Large Scale Constrained Optimization (2000)
    Springer
    Computational optimization and applications 15 (2000), S. 45-67 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2894
    Schlagwort(e): Successive Quadratic Programming ; reduced Hessian methods ; constrained optimization ; quasi-Newton method ; large-scale optimization
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Abstract The reduced Hessian SQP algorithm presented in Biegler et al. [SIAM J. Optimization, Vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 314–347, 1995.] is developed in this paper into a practical method for large-scale optimization. The novelty of the algorithm lies in the incorporation of a correction vector that approximates the cross term ZTWYpY. This improves the stability and robustness of the algorithm without increasing its computational cost. The paper studies how to implement the algorithm efficiently, and presents a set of tests illustrating its numerical performance. An analytic example, showing the benefits of the correction term, is also presented.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008723031056
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