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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Arsenic chemistry in a groundwater aquifer from the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia (1996)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 89 (1996), S. 67-76 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Keywords: Arsenic forms ; arsenic concentrations ; solubility isotherms ; groundwater aquifers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Groundwater samples were collected from shallow aquifers underneath an industrial complex in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. Arsenic (As) concentrations in the groundwater samples varied between 10−8.6 and 10−6.8 M (0.18 and 11.14 µg L−1), with an average of 10−7.5 M (2.19 μ L−1). The analysis of variance for the analytical data showed that sampling locations had significantly affected As concentrations in the groundwater samples. Analytical and thermodynamic calculations showed that H2ASO4 − was the most predominant As species in acidic groundwater samples, and HAsO4 2− was the most abundant species in alkaline groundwater samples. Concentrations of H3AsO4° and AsO4 3− were too low to be important in this study. Reduced As chemical forms were also expected to be very low. All the groundwater samples were undersaturated with respect to the thermodynamic solubility isotherms of Ca3(AsO4)2(c), Fe3(AsO4)2(c), and Mn3(AsO4)2(c) minerals. Lack of reliable thermodynamic data for these arsenates could be responsible for differences between the theoretical and measured concentrations of As in the shallow groundwater samples. The general trend in the distribution of HAsO4 2− activities in the groundwater samples was parallel to that of the Ca3(AsO4)2 solubility isotherm but different from those of Fe3(AsO4)2(c), and Mn3(AsO4)2(c). These data suggest that As concentrations in the groundwater samples were probably controlled by the precipitation and dissolution of Ca3(AsO4)2 type mineral. A three step hypothesis for As interactions in groundwater/soil system is proposed that combines both solid phase formation and adsorption of As onto the solid colloidal surfaces. This hypothesis is expected to better represent As behavior in groundwater/soil environment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00300422
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    lead contamination of GROUNDWATER in an INDUSTRIAL complex (1997)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 98 (1997), S. 167-177 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Keywords: chemical forms ; groundwater aquifers ; lead chemistry ; solid phases of lead ; solubility isotherms
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract The objectives of this study were to investigate Pb contamination of a shallow groundwater aquifer underneath an industrial complex and Pb chemical forms that may be found in the study area. Concentrations of Pb in the groundwater samples ranged between 0.04 to 1570.12 µg L-1 (10-9.4 to 10-5.1 mole L-1), with an average of 88.2 µg L-1 (10-6.4 mole L-1). The results of analysis of variance showed that sampling locations had significantly (p 〈0.05) affected Pb concentrations in the groundwater samples. Contour map of Pb concentrations and Pb/Cl ratios indicated that Pb contamination of groundwater could be associated to the seepage of irrigation water, corrosion of buried metallic structure (largely of iron), and leachate from the industrial dust pile. Thermodynamic modeling approach was used to speciate total Pb concentrations in the groundwater samples. The results of these computations revealed that, in the very dilute groundwater (salinity 〈 1 parts per thousand, i.e., ppt), Pb2+ and Pb-OH complexes were the most significant chemical forms. Groundwater salinities between 1 to 5 ppt, Pb2+, Pb-OH, Pb-Cl, Pb-HCO3, and Pb-SO4 were present in appreciable concentrations, depending on their respective anionic concentrations. Over 80% of the total Pb in water was present in Pb-Cl complexes in groundwater samples with salinities 〉40 ppt. A comparison of the calculated activities of Pb2+ and the thermodynamic solubility isotherms of Pb minerals suggested that mineral Pb(OH)2(c) was too soluble to precipitate in these water samples. The distribution trend in Pb2+ activities do not support equilibrium with Pb3(PO4)2(c). Formation of PbCO3(c) and Pb2CO3Cl2(c) in the groundwater samples appeared to be the most logical option. From the foregoing, it was concluded that Pb-CO3 minerals can limit Pb solubility in saline groundwaters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1026418513001
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lead contamination of groundwater in an industrial complex (1997)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 98 (1997), S. 167-177 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Keywords: chemical forms ; groundwater aquifers ; lead chemistry ; solid phases of lead ; solubility isotherms
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract The objectives of this study were to investigate Pb contamination of a shallow groundwater aquifer underneath an industrial complex and Pb chemical forms that may be found in the study area. Concentrations of Pb in the groundwater samples ranged between 0.04 to 1570.12 µg L−1 (10−9.4 to 10−5.1 mole L−1), with an average of 88.2 µg L−1 (10−6.4 mole L−1). The results of analysis of variance showed that sampling locations had significantly (p 〈0.05) affected Pb concentrations in the groundwater samples. Contour map of Pb concentrations and Pb/Cl ratios indicated that Pb contamination of groundwater could be associated to the seepage of irrigation water, corrosion of buried metallic structure (largely of iron), and leachate from the industrial dust pile. Thermodynamic modeling approach was used to speciate total Pb concentrations in the groundwater samples. The results of these computations revealed that, in the very dilute groundwater (salinity 〈 1 parts per thousand, i.e., ppt), Pb2+ and Pb-OH complexes were the most significant chemical forms. Groundwater salinities between 1 to 5 ppt, Pb2+, Pb-OH, Pb-Cl, Pb-HCO3, and Pb-SO4 were present in appreciable concentrations, depending on their respective anionic concentrations. Over 80% of the total Pb in water was present in Pb-Cl complexes in groundwater samples with salinities 〉40 ppt. A comparison of the calculated activities of Pb2+ and the thermodynamic solubility isotherms of Pb minerals suggested that mineral Pb(OH)2(c) was too soluble to precipitate in these water samples. The distribution trend in Pb2+ activities do not support equilibrium with Pb3(PO4)2(c). Formation of PbCO3(c) and Pb2CO3Cl2(c) in the groundwater samples appeared to be the most logical option. From the foregoing, it was concluded that Pb-CO3 minerals can limit Pb solubility in saline groundwaters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02128655
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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