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Digitale Medien

Biological studies withChrysocharis parksi [Hym.: Eulophidae] a parasite ofLiriomyza spp. [Dipt.: Agromyzidae] (1987)

Christie, G. D. ; Parrella, M. P.

Springer

BioControl 32 (1987), S. 115-126

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Details

ISSN: 1573-8248

Schlagwort(e): Liriomyza ; leafminers ; Chrysocharis ; biological control ; parasites ; biology ; Liriomyza ; mineuses de feuille ; Chrysocharis ; lutte biologique ; parasites ; biologie

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Résumé Des études biologiques ont été réalisées surChrysocharis parksi, parasite endophage des Mouches Agromyzides, mineuses des feuilles.C. parksi parasite avec succès les espèces suivantes du genreLiriomyza Mik.,L. huidobrensis (Blanchard),L. sativae Blanchard,L. trifolii (Burgess) etL. trifoliearum Spencer. Le parasite se développe avec succès sur 8 familles de plantes et 16 genres. Les plantes-hôtes qui sont favorables au développement jusqu'à l'adulte des mineuses le sont également pour le développement du parasite. La durée moyenne du développement (de l'œuf à l'adulte, avecL. trifolii comme hôte) à 21°1, 26°7 et 32°2 C était pour les deux sexes, de 23, 14 et 14 jours respectivement. La longévité des fe melles nourries d'eau exclusivement était inversement proportionnelle à la température; la survie était significativement prolongée à 21°1 C (5,0 jours) comparativement à 26°7 C et 32°2 C (3,2 et 2,1 jours respectivement). L'adjonction de miel dans l'alimentation augmentait d'une manière significative la longévité des 2 sexes à toutes les températures. Les adultes femelles à qui l'on fournissait une moyenne journalière de 33 larves deL. trifolii avaient une descendance moyenne de 135 individus à la température constante de 26°7 C.C. parksi se nourrissait en moyenne de 3,7 larves de mineuse/jour durant les 11 jours de sa vie adulte.

Notizen: Abstract Biological studies withChrysocharis parksi Crawford, a parasite of agromyzid leafminers, were conducted.C. parksi successfully parasitized the following species in the genusLiriomyza Mik.,L. huidobrensis (Blanchard),L. sativae Blanchard,L. trifolii (Burgess), andL. trifoliearum Spencer. Successful parasite development was recorded from 8 plant families and 16 genera. Host plants which were suitable for leafminer development to the adult stage were also suitable for parasite development. Mean immature developmental period (egg to adult, usingL. trifolii as the host) at 21.1°, 26.7°, and 32.2° C was (for both sexes) 23, 14, and 14 days, respectively. Longevity of females provided only water was inversely related to temperature; significantly longer survival occurred at 21.1° C (5.0 days) compared to 26.7° C and 32.2° C (3.2 and 2.1 days, respectively). The addition of honey to the diet significantly improved longevity of both sexes at all temperatures. Adult female parasites which were provided an average of 33.0L. trifolii larvae per day produced an average of 135 offspring at a constant 26.7° C.C. parksi host-fed on ca. 3.7 leafminer larvae per day over an 11-day adult lifespan.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02373122

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Digitale Medien

Structure and thermal stability of monomeric bacteriorhodopsin in mixed pospholipid/detergent micelles (1989)

Brouillette, Christie G. ; McMichens, Ruth B. ; Stern, Lawrence J. ; [weitere]

New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell

Proteins: Structure, Function, and Genetics 5 (1989), S. 38-46

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ISSN: 0887-3585

Schlagwort(e): reconstitution ; membrane protein folding/unfolding ; pH effects ; differential scanning calorimetry ; circular dichroism ; electron microscopy ; HPLC ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology

Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Thema: Medizin

Notizen: Thermal unfolding experiments on bacteriorhodopsin in mixed Phospholipid/detergent micelles were performed. Bacteriorhodopsin was extracted from the purple membrane in a denatured state and then renatured in the micellar system. The purpose of this study was to compare the changes, if any, in the structure and stability of a membrane protein that has folded in a nonnative environment with results obtained on the native system, i.e., the purple membrane. The purple membrane crystalline lattice is an added factor that may influence the structural stability of bacteriorhodopsin. Micelles containing bacteriorhodopsin are uniformly sized disks 105 ± 13 Å in diameter (by electron microscopy) and have an estimated molecular mass of 210 kDa (by gel filtration HPLC). The near-UV CD spectra (which is indicative of tertiary structure) for micellar bacteriorhodopsin and the purple membrane are very similar. In the visible CD region of retinal absorption, the double band seen in the spectrum of the purple membrane is replaced with a broad positive band for micellar bacteriorhodopsin, indicating that in micelles, bacteriorhodopsin is monomeric. The plot of denaturational temperature vs. pH for micellar bacteriorhodopsin is displaced downward on the temperature axis, illustrating the lower thermal stability of micellar bacteriorhodopsin when compared to the purple membrane at the same pH. Even though micellar bacteriorhodopsin is less stable, similar changes in response to pH and temperature are seen in the visible absorption spectra of micellar bacteriorhodopsin and the purple membrane. This demonstrates that changes in the protonation state or temperature have a similar affect on the local environment of the chromophore and the protein conformation. We conclude that the tertiary structure of the bacteriorhodopsin monomer is essentially the same in micelles and the purple membrane. On the other hand, in the synthetic mixed micelle system, the packing between the nonnative amphiphiles and bacteriorhodopsin is probably not optimal, protein-protein interactions have been lost, and thehelical packing may be looser because the crystalline lattice is absent. Itis likely that a combination of these effects leads to the decreased stability of micellar bacteriorhodopsin.

Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.