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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Learning to find fruit in Ceratitis capitata flies (1989)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 53 (1989), S. 65-72 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Ceratitis capitata ; learning ; foraging ; oviposition
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Des femelles sauvages d'une population essentiellement monophage de C. capitata Wiedemann, provenant de l'île de Hawaï, ont été mises en présence pendant des périodes de 3 jours dans des enceintes dans la nature à des fruits de Murraya paniculata et de Citrus sinensis suspendus à des branches d'arbres empotés. Quand les mouches ont été libérées individuellement sur les arbres empotés portant l'un ou l'autre de ces fruits (ou leur mélange), une plus forte proportion a visité le fruit avec lequel elles étaient familiarisées (et l'ont trouvé plus vite) que le fruit avec lequel elles ne n'étaient pas. De plus, les femelles découvrant des fruits de cette population monophage ne tentèrent de pondre que dans le type de fruit avec lequel elle étaient familiarisées. Elles se montrèrent aussi capables que les mouches d'une population polyphage de l'île de Maui d'apprendre à accepter de nouveaux fruits pour pondre. Des expériences complémentaires ont été réalisées dans lesquelles les mouches étaient mises en présence de fruits de M. paniculata ou de C. sinensis naturels ou couverts de cire colorée ou encore de fruits artificiels. Les résultats suggèrent que la taille du fruit est le principal critère d'apprentissage utilisé pour trouver M. paniculata ou C. sinensis, la couleur et l'odeur du fruit étant apparus comme de moindre importance ou sans effet.
    Notes: Abstract Wild Mediterranean fruit fly females, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann), from an essentially monophagous population on the island of Hawaii were exposed to natural mock orange (Murraya paniculata) or sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) host fruit hung from branches of potted trees for 3-day periods in field enclosures. Subsequently, when flies were released individually onto potted trees harboring one or the other (or a mixture) of these fruit types, a higher proportion visited the type of fruit with which they were familiar (and visitors found familiar fruit faster) compared with the fruit type with which they were unfamiliar. Moreover, fruit-finding flies of this monophagous population attempted oviposition exclusively in the familiar fruit type, and thus appeared to be just as capable of learning to accept fruit for oviposition as wild flies from a previously-tested polyphagous population on the island of Maui. Additional tests were conducted in which flies were exposed to natural or colored-wax-covered mock oranges or sweet oranges and tested for response to colored-wax-covered natural or artificial fruit. Results suggested that fruit size was the principal character learned and used in finding mock orange or sweet orange fruit, while fruit color and odor appeared to be of little or no importance in this regard.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00369233
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differences in learning between wild and laboratory Ceratitis capitata flies (1987)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 45 (1987), S. 65-72 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Ceratitis capitata ; learning ; genetic variation ; oviposition
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Des Ceratitis capitata femelles, élevées au laboratoire ou obtenues dans la nature à partir d'Eriobotrya japonica, ont été mises en présence de Citrus sinensis et de Murraya paniculata. L'effet de l'accoutumance à une espèce de fruit sur l'acceptation ultérieure des fruits d'une espèce déterminée (c'est-à-dire l'apprentissage) n'était pas le même pour les mouches sauvages et pour les mouches de laboratoire accoutumées à M. paniculata. Les mouches sauvages accoutumées à M. paniculata tentent de pondre dans C. sinensis beaucoup moins fréquemment que dans M. paniculata. Par contre, les mouches de laboratoire accoutumées à M. paniculata tentent de pondre dans M. paniculata aussi souvent que dans C. sinensis. Des différences du même type entre mouches sauvages et mouches du laboratoire ont été observées quand les individus mis en expérience avec une espèce de fruit ont été ensuite exposés à l'autre espèce, c'est-à-dire lors de réapprentissage. L'acceptation finale par les mouches de laboratoire dépend un peu plus de l'exposition à C. sinensis et un peu moins à celle de M. paniculata que lors de l'acceptation finale par des mouches sauvages. Enfin, des mouches sauvages accoutumées à C. sinensis et privées de leurs fruits, conservent un jour de plus l'effet de l'accoutumance, lors de l'acceptation de M. paniculata, que les mouches de laboratoire placées dans les mêmes conditions. Nous émettons l'hypothèse qu'une sélection due aux conditions d'élevage est à l'origine de ces différences. L'élevage dans de grandes bouteilles de polyéthylène peut sélectionner des mouches qui apprennent plus difficilement en présence de petits fruits comme M. paniculata et qui conservent l'influence de l'expérience pendant un temps plus bref.
    Notes: Abstract Laboratory-reared and wild-collected adult female Mediterranean fruit flies, Ceratitis capitata Wiedemann, were exposed to two host fruit species, sweet orange (Citrus sinensis L.) and mock orange (Murraya paniculata Jack: Rutaceae). The effect of experience with a fruit species on acceptance of these fruit species (i.e., learning) differed between lab and wild females, but only for flies that were exposed to mock orange. Similar differences in fruit acceptance between lab and wild females were observed when individuals experienced with one fruit species were exposed to the other fruit species (i.e., switching). Finally, when each group was exposed to sweet orange, wild flies subsequently deprived of host fruit retained the effect of exposure on acceptance of mock orange 1 day longer than did lab flies subsequently deprived of host fruit. An hypothesis is presented by which selection under artificial culture gave rise to these differences.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00343626
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Learning in oviposition site selection by Ceratitis capitata flies (1986)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 40 (1986), S. 47-51 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Ceratitis capitata ; learning ; conditioning ; oviposition
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Dans la même population sauvage de C. capitata, on a observé des différences significatives dans la tendance à essayer de pondre dans divers types de fruits. Les faits rapportés suggèrent qu'un apprentissage pendant la ponte sur un type de fruits conditionne la femelle à cet hôte, et influe sur les réponses de la femelle à d'autres hôtes lors de rencontres ultérieures.
    Notes: Abstract Significant differences in propensity to attempt oviposition into various types of fruit were found among Mediterranean fruit flies, Ceratitis capitata, from the same wild population. Evidence presented suggests repeated exposure to one host fruit type conditions females to that host, and influences female response to other hosts in future encounters. Reversibility of conditioning was also demonstrated. Learning to refuse a novel host type is indicated as being more important than learning to accept a familiar host type in medfly conditioning to hosts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00187022
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cross-induction of fruit acceptance by the medflyCeratitis capitata: The role of fruit size and chemistry (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of insect behavior 2 (1989), S. 241-254 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8889
    Keywords: host preference ; experience ; learning ; oviposition behavior ; Mediterranean fruit fly ; Ceratitis capitata ; host chemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Groups of female Mediterranean fruit flies, Ceratitis capitata(Wiedemann), were exposed for several days to one of three host fruit species. Oviposition-site acceptance behavior was subsequently assayed on five fruit species. Females accepted most often the fruit to which they were exposed. Females exposed to a small fruit, mock orange, accepted other fruit species less often as the size of the fruit increased; females exposed to a large fruit, sweet orange, accepted other fruit species more often as the size of the fruit increased. This tendency for experience with one host fruit species to alter differentially behavioral responses to alternative host fruit species has been defined as cross-induction. In contrast, females exposed to a medium fruit, kumquat, were not cross-induced: females accepted the medium fruit very often and rejected all other fruit species to approximately the same degree regardless of size. When females were exposed to small, medium, or large fruit and tested on spherical wax fruit models of a variety of sizes, patterns similar to those with real fruit were observed. Whereas naive females generally accepted a given model as frequently as real fruit of a similar size, experienced females generally accepted models much less frequently than real fruit. In a final experiment, females were exposed to different fruits and tested on spherical wax models treated with fruit chemicals. Experienced females generally accepted fruit-treated spheres more often than untreated spheres. In addition, females usually accepted most often models treated with chemicals from the fruit to which they were exposed. Two hypotheses about the mechanism by which experience alters fruit acceptance— termed the “sliding template” and “closing window” hypotheses— are presented. Results of fruit and model acceptance by naive and experienced females support the latter hypothesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01053295
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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