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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Microbial ecology 8 (1982), S. 241-251 
    ISSN: 1432-184X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The accumulation and possible metabolic transformation of tri-n-butyltin cation by tin-resistant estuarine bacteria was studied. The bacterial isolates accumulated tributyltin to 3.7–7.7 mg tin per g dry weight of cells by a nonenergy requiring process, probably by adsorption to the cell envelope. Chemical speciation of cell extracts and culture media by combined liquid chromatography-atomic absorption spectrophotometry and tin-selective purge and trap flame photometric gas chromatography for possible tributyltin degradation products revealed no significant biotransformations of tributyltin cation by the tributyltin-resistant isolates. Apparently the isolates accumulate, but do not metabolize tributyltin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Ocean dynamics 18 (1965), S. 160-172 
    ISSN: 1616-7228
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es werden Isotachen, abgeleitet aus Besteckversetzungen, vorgeschlagen und in Zusammenhang mit der allgemeinen Zirkulation und der thermischen Struktur gebracht. Die Analyse zeigt parallele Bänder von gegenläufiger Strömung, die durch zyklonale und antizyklonale Versetzungen, deren Geschwindigkeiten sehr gering sind, getrennt werden. Diese Anordnung der Geschwindigkeitsverteilung unterscheidet sich von der in niederen Breiten, wo jede Art von Mittelwertbildung auf eine verhältnismäßig ausgedehnte Wassermasse hinweist. In höheren Breiten werden die schwachen Gegenströmungen viel deutlicher sichtbar, wenn die Ausgangswerte in kleineren räumlichen Einheiten zusammengefaßt werden. Die allgemeine Zirkulation ist begründet durch die Landmassen, die vorherrschenden Westwinde und die Bedingung, daß die Gegenströmungen an der Begrenzung Wassermassen setzen. Die Tatsache, daß eine Anzahl zyklonaler und antizyklonaler Strömungsversetzungen auch unter einer einheitlichen Luftmasse oder einem einheitlichen Windsystem an der Meeresoberfläche statthaben, zeigt, daß die vom atmosphärischen Wind hergeleitete Komponente resultierender Strömung von der sich aus der thermischen Struktur in der Tiefe ergebenden Komponente überwogen werden kann.
    Abstract: Résumé Les courbes d'égale vitesse de courants résultants sont décrites et rapportées à la circulation générale et à la structure thermique. L'analyse fait apparaître des bandes parallèles de flux de direction opposée, séparées par des axes de dérive cyclonique et anticyclonique où les vitesses sont minimales. Ce type de distribution des vitesses se révèle plus distinctement à partir des données générales aux basses latitudes, où il s'agit de masses d'eau relativement étendues. Aux latitudes plus élevées on peut obtenir une meilleure définition des contre-courants faibles en utilisant une résolution plus fine des données de base. La circulation générale est définie en fonction des masses terrestres, de la prédominance des vents d'Ouest et des conditions pour qu'il existe des courants opposés le long des limites opposées d'une masse d'eau. Le fait qu'au dessous d'une seule et unique masse d'air ou d'un seul et unique régime de vent, la surface puisse présenter plusieurs axes de courant, montre que la composante du courant résultant due au vent atmosphérique, peut être dominée par celle qui résulte de la structure thermique en profondeur.
    Notes: Summary Isotachs of resultant currents are presented and related to the general circulation and thermal structure. Analysis shows parallel bands of oppositely directed flow separated by cyclonic and anticyclonic shift axes where speeds are minimal. This order of velocity distribution is more distinct from the gross data at low latitudes where relatively wide water masses are indicated. At higher latitudes, a better definition of weak countercurrents may be obtained for smaller resolutions of the basic data. The general circulation is explained in terms of land masses, the prevailing westerlies, and the requirement for opposing currents along opposite boundaries of a water mass. The fact that a number of current shift axes may occupy the surface area beneath a single air mass or wind regime indicates that the component of resultant current derived from the atmospheric wind may be outweighed by that derived from the thermal structure at depth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Ocean dynamics 15 (1962), S. 72-77 
    ISSN: 1616-7228
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wird eine Methode beschrieben, die geeignet ist, mittels Temperaturbeobachtungen von Handelsschiffen aus die Vorarbeiten zu detaillierten Analysen von Oberflächentemperaturen in großräumigen Meeresgebieten durchzuführen. Die Unzulänglichkeit von Analysen gemittelter Werte sowie einige Schwierigkeiten bei der graphischen Darstellung von Skalarfeldern werden besprochen. Gemäß den Vorstellungen, die von Querschnittsprofilen und Oberflächenstromwerten abgeleitet wurden, werden Oberflächentemperaturen gedeutet. Um die Temperaturanalyse in Gebieten mit geringen Beobachtungen zu erleichtern, werden Isotachen-Analysen mittlerer Strömungswerte als Strömungsvorbilder benutzt.
    Abstract: Résumé L'article actuel décrit une méthode propre à préparer, au moyen des observations de la température faites au bord des navires marchands, des analyses détaillées de la température superficielle dans de grandes étendues océaniques. L'impropriété de l'analyse des valeurs moyennes ainsi que plusieurs difficultés que l'on rencontre en représentant des champs scalaires sont exposées. Suivant les conceptions déduites des coupes transversales et des courants de surface, on interprète les températures superficielles des courants de l'océan. Dans le but de faciliter l'analyse des températures dans de grandes zones océaniques où des observations sont rares, on se serve comme modèle de courant des analyses des isotaches des valeurs moyennes de courants.
    Notes: Summary A technique is described for preparing detailed sea surface temperature analyses for large ocean areas utilizing injection temperature observations from commercial ships. The inadequacies of analyses based on averaged data are discussed, as well as some of the difficulties inherent in contouring scalar fields. Sea surface temperatures are interpreted according to some concepts derived from cross sectional profiles and surface current data. Isotach analyses of mean current drift are considered as flow patterns to aid temperature analysis in areas where data are sparse.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 14
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: substrate ; habitable space ; Paragnetina media ; colonization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A biological measure of space available within substrates was used as an index to examine substrate selection by the stonefly nymph Paragnetina media (Walker). Physical measures, such as total surface area of substrate, have not worked well in the past in explaining distribution of aquatic invertebrates. Although analysis of habitable space within substrate did not explain selection completely, the technique provided a precise measure and might be a more rigorous means by which substrate selection could be examined.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta mathematica hungarica 30 (1977), S. 239-240 
    ISSN: 1588-2632
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Applied Organometallic Chemistry 2 (1988), S. 441-450 
    ISSN: 0268-2605
    Keywords: analysis ; environmental species ; graphite furnace atomic absorption (GF AA) ; high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) ; organolead ; organotin ; signal increase ; trace speciation ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: High-performance liquid chromatography coupled with graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy (HPLC—GF AA) gives element-specific detection of environmental samples containing trace amounts of organotin or organolead species. The direct GF AA of organotin and organolead species is subject to errors arising primarily from loss of analyte prior to atomization, probably through the formation of refractory carbides and of compounds or complexes that are volatile at low temperatures. Examples abound in the literature of signal suppression in the GF AA of organometallic species in environmental samples, and several furnace tube modifications have been developed to overcome this suppression. Here, the analyte and a modifier are co-pipetted into a conventional furnace tube, from either a solution of analyte or an HPLC effluent. Oxides of transition metals (e.g. chromium, manganese, or tungsten) are shown to enhance both tin and lead signals, whereas chlorides do not, suggesting the low-temperature formation of relatively involatile metal oxides or volatile metal chlorides, respectively. In the absence of modifier, GF AA signal intensities decrease consecutively for equal quantities of mono-, di-, tri- and tetra-butyltin species, but are nearly equal for the first three in the presence of complexing dichromate (Cr2O72-). The lesser signal increase for tetrabutyltin indicates a dissimilar low-temperature complexation chemistry for the fully ligated neutral organometal to that for the ligated ions. similar results are demonstrated in post-column addition of a matrix modifier to effluent containing either organotin or organolead species.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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